Pianzzola M J, Moscatelli M, Vero S
Cátedra de Microbiología. Facultad de Química, C.P. 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Plant Dis. 2004 Jan;88(1):23-28. doi: 10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.1.23.
Blue mold caused by Penicillium spp. is the most important postharvest disease of apple in Uruguay. Fourteen isolates of Penicillium were recovered from rotten apple and pear fruit with blue mold symptoms, and from water from flotation tanks in commercial apple juice facilities. Phenotypic identification to species level was performed, and the isolates were tested for sensitivity to commonly used postharvest fungicides. Genetic characterization of the isolates was performed with restriction fragment length polymorphism of the region including the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) ITS1 and ITS2 and the 5.8SrRNA gene (ITS1-5.8SrRNA gene-ITS2) ribosomal DNA region and with random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers. Both techniques were able to differentiate these isolates at the species level. RAPD analysis proved to be an objective, rapid, and reliable tool to identify Penicillium spp. involved in blue mold of apple. In all, 11 isolates were identified as Penicillium expansum and 3 as P. solitum. This is the first report of P. solitum as an apple pathogen in Uruguay.
由青霉菌引起的蓝霉病是乌拉圭苹果采后最重要的病害。从出现蓝霉病症状的腐烂苹果和梨果实以及商业苹果汁生产设施的浮选槽水中分离出了14株青霉菌。进行了种级别的表型鉴定，并测试了这些分离株对常用采后杀菌剂的敏感性。利用包括内转录间隔区（ITS）ITS1和ITS2以及5.8SrRNA基因（ITS1-5.8SrRNA基因-ITS2）的核糖体DNA区域的限制性片段长度多态性以及随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）引物对分离株进行了遗传特征分析。这两种技术都能够在种级别上区分这些分离株。RAPD分析被证明是一种鉴定参与苹果蓝霉病的青霉菌种的客观、快速且可靠的工具。总共鉴定出11株扩展青霉和3株孤生青霉。这是孤生青霉作为乌拉圭苹果病原菌的首次报道。
