Radišek Sebastjan, Jakše Jernej, Simončič Andrej, Javornik Branka
Plant Protection Department, Institute of Hop Research and Brewing Žalec, Cesta Žalskega tabora 2, 3310 Žalec, Slovenia.
Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Breeding, Biotechnical Faculty, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Plant Dis. 2003 Jun;87(6):633-638. doi: 10.1094/PDIS.2003.87.6.633.
Since 1997, hop wilt induced by a virulent pathotype of Verticillium albo-atrum has caused considerable economic losses in hop fields in Slovenia. In all, 20 isolates of V. albo-atrum, including 12 from plants affected with the lethal form (PG2) of hop wilt, 6 from plants with the mild form (PG1), 1 from cucumber, and 1 from petunia, as well as 1 isolate of V. dahliae each from hop and green pepper, were analyzed by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Differences in the virulence of hop isolates were confirmed by pathogenicity tests on hop cultivars. The AFLP method was optimized for analysis of these fungi and 7 of 39 primer combinations tested were used for the analysis of polymorphism among isolates. Cluster analysis of AFLP data divided the isolates into two, well-separated V. albo-atrum and V. dahliae clusters, confirming that the two species are genetically distinct. Within the V. albo-atrum cluster, isolates were further separated into two distinct groups: the A1 group contained PG1 hop pathotype and cucumber and petunia isolates, and the A2 group all hop isolates of the PG2 pathotype. Minor genetic variation was detected within pathotype-associated AFLP groups, but the clear separation of V. albo-atrum hop isolates according to their level of virulence shows genetic differentiation among hop V. albo-atrum pathotypes.
自1997年以来，由黑白轮枝菌的一个强毒致病型引起的啤酒花枯萎病给斯洛文尼亚的啤酒花种植园造成了相当大的经济损失。总共对20株黑白轮枝菌分离株进行了扩增片段长度多态性（AFLP）分析，其中包括12株来自感染啤酒花枯萎病致死型（PG2）的植株、6株来自感染轻度型（PG1）的植株、1株来自黄瓜以及1株来自矮牵牛，另外还分别对1株来自啤酒花和1株来自青椒的大丽轮枝菌分离株进行了分析。通过对啤酒花品种进行致病性测试，证实了啤酒花分离株在毒力上的差异。对AFLP方法进行了优化以用于这些真菌的分析，并使用了所测试的39对引物组合中的7对来分析分离株之间的多态性。对AFLP数据进行聚类分析，将分离株分为两个明显分开的黑白轮枝菌和大丽轮枝菌聚类，证实这两个物种在遗传上是不同的。在黑白轮枝菌聚类中，分离株进一步分为两个不同的组：A1组包含PG1啤酒花致病型以及黄瓜和矮牵牛分离株，A２组包含所有PG2致病型的啤酒花分离株。在与致病型相关的AFLP组内检测到了微小的遗传变异，但根据毒力水平对黑白轮枝菌啤酒花分离株进行的清晰区分显示了啤酒花黑白轮枝菌致病型之间的遗传分化。
