de Cesar Netto Cesar, Bernasconi Alessio, Roberts Lauren, Pontin Pedro Augusto, Lintz Francois, Saito Guilherme Honda, Roney Andrew, Elliott Andrew, O'Malley Martin
Foot and Ankle Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2019 Feb 21;7(2):2325967119826081. doi: 10.1177/2325967119826081. eCollection 2019 Feb.
Weightbearing cone beam computed tomography (WB CBCT) allows detailed 3-dimensional imaging of the foot and ankle in a weightbearing state and provides improved accuracy and reliability of foot alignment measures, especially when compared with conventional radiographic views.
To describe the foot alignment in National Basketball Association (NBA) players with different symptomatic foot and ankle injuries using WB CBCT and to determine if any predominant morphotype would be identified.
Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.
A total of 45 active NBA players (mean age, 24.4 years [range, 20-34 years]; N = 54 feet [29 right, 25 left]) were assessed using WB CBCT. Measurements included the following: (1) foot and ankle offset (FAO), (2) calcaneal offset (CO), (3) hindfoot alignment angle (HAA), (4) angle between the inferior and superior facets of the talus (Inftal-Suptal), (5) angle between the inferior facet of the talus and the horizontal floor line (Inftal-Hor), (6) forefoot arch angle (FAA), (7) navicular-to-floor distance, and (8) medial cuneiform-to-floor distance. Measurements were then compared with values available in the literature for a "normal" foot morphotype.
Among the 54 feet, the mean FAO was 0.48% (95% CI, -0.25% to 1.21%), the mean CO was 1.18 mm (95% CI, -0.50 to 2.87 mm), and the mean HAA was 1.42° (95% CI, -0.80° to 3.65°). The mean Inftal-Suptal angle was 5.31° (95% CI, 3.50°-7.12°), while the mean Inftal-Hor angle was 4.04° (95% CI, 2.56°-5.51°). The mean FAA was 15.84° (95% CI, 14.73°-16.92°), the mean navicular-to-floor distance was 38.30 mm (95% CI, 36.19-40.42 mm), and the mean medial cuneiform-to-floor distance was 26.79 mm (95% CI, 25.30-28.28 mm). None of these values were found to be significantly different when comparing forwards, guards, and centers.
NBA players presenting with symptomatic foot and ankle injuries had a fairly "normal" foot morphology, with a tendency toward a varus hindfoot and a high-arched morphotype. No significant differences were found between players based on their position on the court. WB CBCT may help to shed light on anatomic risk factors for common injuries in professional players and may aid in the planning of specific prevention programs.
负重锥形束计算机断层扫描（WB CBCT）能够在负重状态下对足踝进行详细的三维成像，与传统X线片相比，能提高足部对线测量的准确性和可靠性。
使用WB CBCT描述患有不同症状性足踝损伤的美国职业篮球联赛（NBA）球员的足部对线情况，并确定是否能识别出任何主要的形态类型。
横断面研究；证据等级，3级。
共对45名现役NBA球员（平均年龄24.4岁[范围20 - 34岁]；N = 54只脚[29只右脚，25只左脚]）进行了WB CBCT评估。测量项目包括：（1）足踝偏移（FAO），（2）跟骨偏移（CO），（3）后足对线角（HAA），（4）距骨上下关节面夹角（Inftal - Suptal），（5）距骨下关节面与水平地面线夹角（Inftal - Hor），（6）前足弓角（FAA），（7）舟骨至地面距离，以及（8）内侧楔骨至地面距离。然后将测量结果与文献中“正常”足形态类型的可用值进行比较。
在这54只脚中，平均FAO为0.48%（95%可信区间，-0.25%至1.21%），平均CO为1.18 mm（95%可信区间，-0.50至2.87 mm），平均HAA为1.42°（95%可信区间，-0.80°至3.65°）。平均Inftal - Suptal角为5.31°（95%可信区间，3.50° - 7.12°），而平均Inftal - Hor角为4.04°（95%可信区间，2.56° - 5.51°）。平均FAA为15.84°（95%可信区间，14.73° - 16.92°），平均舟骨至地面距离为38.30 mm（95%可信区间，36.19 - 40.42 mm），平均内侧楔骨至地面距离为26.79 mm（95%可信区间，25.30 - 28.28 mm）。在比较前锋、后卫和中锋时，这些值均未发现有显著差异。
出现症状性足踝损伤的NBA球员具有相当“正常”的足部形态，后足有内翻倾向且为高弓形态类型。根据球员在球场上的位置未发现显著差异。WB CBCT可能有助于揭示职业球员常见损伤的解剖学危险因素，并有助于制定特定的预防计划。
