Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
Hunan Provincial Key, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2019 May;103(3):791-800. doi: 10.1111/jpn.13053. Epub 2019 Feb 28.
Forty-eight Duroc × Large White × Landrace pigs with an average initial body weight of 77.09 ± 1.37 kg were used to investigate the effects of combination of leucine (Leu) with arginine (Arg) or glutamic acid (Glu) on muscle growth, free amino acid profiles, expression levels of amino acid transporters and growth-related genes in skeletal muscle. The animals were randomly assigned to one of the four treatment groups (12 pigs/group, castrated male:female = 1:1). The pigs in the control group were fed a basal diet (13% Crude Protein), and those in the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1.00% Leu (L group), 1.00% Leu + 1.00% Arg (LA group) or 1.00% Leu + 1.00% Glu (LG group). The experiment lasted for 60 days. Results showed an increase (p < 0.05) in biceps femoris (BF) muscle weight in the L group and LG group relative to the basal diet group. In longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle, Lys, taurine and total essential amino acid concentration increased in the LG group relative to the basal diet group (p < 0.05). In LG group, Glu and carnosine concentrations increased (p < 0.05) in the BF muscle, when compared to the basal diet group. The Leu and Lys concentrations of BF muscle were lower in the LA group than that in the L group (p < 0.05). A positive association was found between BF muscle weight and Leu concentration (p < 0.05). The LG group presented higher (p < 0.05) mRNA levels of ASCT2, LAT1, PAT2, SANT2 and TAT1 in LD muscle than those in the basal diet group. The mRNA levels of PAT2 and MyoD in BF muscle were upregulated (p < 0.05) in the LG group, compared with those in the basal diet group. In conclusion, Leu alone or in combination with Glu is benefit for biceps femoris muscle growth in fattening pig.
四十八头杜洛克×大约克×长白猪，平均初始体重为 77.09±1.37kg，用于研究亮氨酸（Leu）与精氨酸（Arg）或谷氨酸（Glu）组合对肌肉生长、游离氨基酸谱、氨基酸转运体表达水平和骨骼肌生长相关基因的影响。动物随机分为四组（每组 12 头，去势公母比为 1:1）。对照组猪饲喂基础日粮（粗蛋白 13%），实验组猪饲喂基础日粮，添加 1.00%Leu（L 组）、1.00%Leu+1.00%Arg（LA 组）或 1.00%Leu+1.00%Glu（LG 组）。试验持续 60 天。结果表明，与基础日粮组相比，L 组和 LG 组的股二头肌（BF）肌肉重量增加（p<0.05）。在背最长肌（LD）中，LG 组的赖氨酸、牛磺酸和总必需氨基酸浓度高于基础日粮组（p<0.05）。与基础日粮组相比，LG 组 BF 肌肉中的谷氨酸和肌肽浓度增加（p<0.05）。LA 组 BF 肌肉中的亮氨酸和赖氨酸浓度低于 L 组（p<0.05）。BF 肌肉重量与亮氨酸浓度呈正相关（p<0.05）。与基础日粮组相比，LG 组 LD 肌肉中 ASCT2、LAT1、PAT2、SANT2 和 TAT1 的 mRNA 水平更高（p<0.05）。与基础日粮组相比，LG 组 BF 肌肉中 PAT2 和 MyoD 的 mRNA 水平上调（p<0.05）。综上所述，亮氨酸单独或与谷氨酸联合有利于育肥猪股二头肌的生长。
