垄沟覆膜种植聚乙烯和秸秆覆盖对黄土高原玉米生产力和土壤特性的影响。
Maize productivity and soil properties in the Loess Plateau in response to ridge-furrow cultivation with polyethylene and straw mulch.
机构信息
College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
The Institute of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecology, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
出版信息
Sci Rep. 2019 Feb 28;9(1):3090. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-39637-w.
Ridge-furrow with full film mulching (RFFM) is widely used in the Loess Plateau (LP) to increase maize yield. However, continuous RFFM application may cause excessive depletion of soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil water storage (SWS). The present study tested four production systems, namely, (1) RFFM; (2) ridge-furrow with polyethylene film and straw mulching (RFFSM); (3) non-contoured seedbed with film mulching (FFM); and (4) non-contoured seedbed without mulching (CK) in 2013 and 2014 to identify an optimal technique to increase maize yield yet minimizing the negative effects. SWS under RFFSM was significantly higher by 5.4% and 13.4% compared to RFFM and CK, respectively. The changes in SOC were -0.2, -0.2, and -0.4 g·kg for RFFM, FFM, and CK, respectively, and 0.3 g·kg for RFFSM. Increased root residue and extra external carbon input to soil under RFFSM directly contributed to SOC recovery. RFFSM had a comparable grain yield but higher water use efficiency compared to RFFM. The combination of RFFSM is promising for improving SOC stocks, water storage, and maize productivity.
垄膜沟覆（RFFM）广泛应用于黄土高原以提高玉米产量。然而，连续的 RFFM 应用可能导致土壤有机碳（SOC）和土壤水分储存（SWS）的过度消耗。本研究于 2013 年和 2014 年测试了四种生产系统，即（1）RFFM；（2）垄沟聚乙烯膜和秸秆覆盖（RFFSM）；（3）覆膜平作（FFM）；和（4）无覆盖平作（CK），以确定一种既能提高玉米产量又能最小化负面影响的最优技术。与 RFFM 和 CK 相比，RFFSM 下的 SWS 分别显著增加了 5.4%和 13.4%。SOC 的变化分别为 RFFM、FFM 和 CK 下的-0.2、-0.2 和-0.4 g·kg，而 RFFSM 下为 0.3 g·kg。RFFSM 下的根残茬和额外的外部碳输入直接有助于 SOC 的恢复。RFFSM 与 RFFM 相比具有可比的籽粒产量，但更高的水分利用效率。RFFSM 的结合有望提高 SOC 储量、水储存和玉米生产力。
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