Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunts House, London SE1 1UL, U.K.
Biochem J. 2019 Feb 28;476(4):705-718. doi: 10.1042/BCJ20180415.
Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane receptors that play an essential role in enabling cells to sense and bind to extracellular ligands. Activation and clustering of integrins leads to the formation of focal adhesions at the plasma membrane that subsequently initiate signalling pathways to control a broad range of functional endpoints including cell migration, proliferation and survival. The α4 and α9 integrins form a small sub-family of receptors that share some specific ligands and binding partners. Although relatively poorly studied compared with other integrin family members, emerging evidence suggests that despite restricted cell and tissue expression profiles, these integrins play a key role in the regulation of signalling pathways controlling cytoskeletal remodelling and migration in both adherent and non-adherent cell types. This review summarises the known shared and specific roles for α4 and α9 integrins and highlights the importance of these receptors in controlling cell migration within both homeostatic and disease settings.
整合素是异源二聚体跨膜受体，在使细胞能够感知和结合细胞外配体方面发挥着重要作用。整合素的激活和聚集导致质膜上形成粘着斑，随后启动信号通路来控制广泛的功能终点，包括细胞迁移、增殖和存活。α4 和 α9 整合素形成一个受体的小亚家族，它们具有一些特定的配体和结合伙伴。尽管与其他整合素家族成员相比，它们的研究相对较少，但新出现的证据表明，尽管细胞和组织表达谱受到限制，这些整合素在调节信号通路控制细胞骨架重塑和黏附性和非黏附性细胞类型的迁移方面发挥着关键作用。这篇综述总结了 α4 和 α9 整合素的已知共同和特定作用，并强调了这些受体在控制细胞迁移中的重要性，包括在稳态和疾病环境中。
