伊朗医院护理老年人的护理能力组成部分：一项定性研究。
The Components of Nursing Competence in Caring for Older People in Iranian Hospitals: A Qualitative Study.
作者信息
Bahrami Masoud, Purfarzad Zahra, Keshvari Mahrokh, Rafiei Mohammad
机构信息
Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Markazi Province, Iran.
出版信息
Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2019 Mar-Apr;24(2):124-130. doi: 10.4103/ijnmr.IJNMR_83_18.
BACKGROUND
There is limited research on gerontological nursing competence in hospitals. However, there is no comprehensive and integrated description of the gerontological nursing competence requirements in hospitals. The purpose of this study was to explain the components of nursing competence in caring for older people in Iranian hospitals.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This is a qualitative descriptive-exploratory study. The data were collected through a semi-structured interview with nurses, nurse managers, and clinical educators in teaching hospitals and nursing schools affiliated to Arak, Isfahan, and Tehran Universities of Medical Sciences in Iran from September 2015 to July 2016. Participants included 25 people who were selected by purposive and snowball sampling method. Sampling continued until data saturation. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis method.
RESULTS
Data analysis generated three main categories including (1) Patient and family centered care; (2) Process-oriented care; and (3) Self-care and continuing professional development.
CONCLUSIONS
Nurses should have competencies such as participation and empowerment of the patient and family; ease of comfort in the elderly; comprehensive geriatric assessment; development, implementation and evaluation of care plan; development of knowledge and clinical proficiency; and coaching so that they can work effectively during the care of the elderly. The results of this study can be used by nursing educators, nursing students, and nurses to develop their individual and professional skills in the field of gerontological nursing.
背景
关于医院老年护理能力的研究有限。然而，对于医院老年护理能力要求尚无全面综合的描述。本研究旨在阐释伊朗医院护理老年人的能力构成要素。
材料与方法
这是一项定性描述性探索性研究。2015年9月至2016年7月期间，通过对伊朗阿拉克、伊斯法罕和德黑兰医科大学附属教学医院及护理学校的护士、护士长和临床教育工作者进行半结构式访谈收集数据。参与者包括通过立意抽样和滚雪球抽样方法选取的25人。抽样持续至数据饱和。采用常规内容分析法对数据进行分析。
结果
数据分析产生了三个主要类别，包括（1）以患者和家庭为中心的护理；（2）以过程为导向的护理；以及（3）自我护理和持续专业发展。
结论
护士应具备患者和家庭参与及赋权、让老年人舒适自在、全面老年评估、护理计划的制定、实施和评估、知识发展和临床熟练程度以及指导等能力，以便在护理老年人期间能够有效工作。本研究结果可供护理教育工作者、护理专业学生和护士用于发展其在老年护理领域的个人和专业技能。
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