Validation of growth enhancing, immunostimulatory and disease resistance properties of in fry in pond conditions.

The immunostimulatory and disease resistance properties of herb L. (Amaranthaceae) were evaluated in rohu in pond. Rohu fry (1.9 ± 0.08 g) were cultured in hapas (25 hapa) set inside a pond and were fed with two experimental diets containing 0.5% seeds (D1) and leaves (D2) of and control diet (D3). Fish were challenged with after 80 days. The cumulative mortality rate of fish was significantly ( < 0.05) higher in D3 (28-48%) compared to others. Average weight was significantly ( < 0.05) higher in D1 (6.5-12.5%) compared to other treatments. Myeloperoxidase and nitric oxide synthase levels were significantly ( < 0.05) higher in D1 and D2 compared to D3. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and carbonyl protein levels were significantly ( < 0.05) lower in hepatopancreas and kidney of D1 compared to others. In hepatopancreas, the expressions of lysozyme C, loysozyme G, TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-1β were significantly ( < 0.05) higher in D1 compared to others. This treatment was followed by D2. In kidney, lysozyme G and TNF-α levels were significantly ( < 0.05) higher in D1 and D2 compared to D3. Whereas, IL-10 and IL-1β were significantly ( < 0.05) down-regulated and up-regulated, respectively in kidney of D2. There was up-regulation ( < 0.05) of TLR-4 in hepatopancreas and kidney of D1 and D2 diets fed rohu, respectively compared to others.