Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, 1301 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
Biodegradation. 2019 Jun;30(2-3):127-145. doi: 10.1007/s10532-019-09871-0. Epub 2019 Feb 28.
Knowledge of the conditions that promote the growth and activity of pharmaceutical and personal care product (PPCP)-degrading microorganisms within mixed microbial systems are needed to shape microbiomes in biotreatment reactors and manage process performance. Available carbon sources influence microbial community structure, and specific carbon sources could potentially be added to end-of-treatment train biotreatment systems (e.g., soil aquifer treatment [SAT]) to select for the growth and activity of a range of microbial phylotypes that collectively degrade target PPCPs. Herein, the impacts of primary carbon sources on PPCP biodegradation and microbial community structure were explored to identify promising carbon sources for PPCP biotreatment application. Six types of primary carbon sources were investigated: casamino acids, two humic acid and peptone mixtures (high and low amounts of humic acid), molasses, an organic acids mixture, and phenol. Biodegradation was tracked for five PPCPs (diclofenac, 5-fluorouracil, gemfibrozil, ibuprofen, and triclosan). Primary carbon sources were found to differentially impact microbial community structures and rates and efficiencies of PPCP biotransformation. Of the primary carbon sources tested, casamino acids, organic acids, and phenol showed the fastest biotransformation; however, on a biomass-normalized basis, both humic acid-peptone mixtures showed comparable or superior biotransformation. By comparing microbial communities for the different primary carbon sources, abundances of unclassified Beijerinckiaceae, Beijerinckia, Sphingomonas, unclassified Sphingomonadaceae, Flavobacterium, unclassified Rhizobiales, and Nevskia were statistically linked with biotransformation of specific PPCPs.
了解促进混合微生物系统中药物和个人护理产品 (PPCP) 降解微生物生长和活性的条件对于塑造生物处理反应器中的微生物组和管理工艺性能是必要的。可用的碳源会影响微生物群落结构，并且特定的碳源可能会被添加到处理后生物处理系统（例如土壤-含水层处理 [SAT]）中，以选择一系列能够降解目标 PPCP 的微生物类群的生长和活性。在此，研究了主要碳源对 PPCP 生物降解和微生物群落结构的影响，以确定 PPCP 生物处理应用的有前途的碳源。研究了六种主要碳源：水解酪蛋白、两种腐殖酸和蛋白胨混合物（高和低含量的腐殖酸）、糖蜜、有机酸混合物和苯酚。跟踪了五种 PPCP（双氯芬酸、5-氟尿嘧啶、吉非罗齐、布洛芬和三氯生）的生物降解情况。发现主要碳源会对微生物群落结构以及 PPCP 生物转化的速率和效率产生不同的影响。在所测试的主要碳源中，水解酪蛋白、有机酸和苯酚表现出最快的生物转化；然而，基于生物量归一化，两种腐殖酸-蛋白胨混合物显示出可比或更高的生物转化。通过比较不同主要碳源的微生物群落，可以发现未分类的 Beijerinckiaceae、Beijerinckia、Sphingomonas、未分类的 Sphingomonadaceae、Flavobacterium、未分类的 Rhizobiales 和 Nevskia 的丰度与特定 PPCP 的生物转化统计学上相关。
