精神病理学中的行为模型：认识和语义学方面的考虑。
Behavioral models in psychopathology: epistemic and semantic considerations.
机构信息
Laboratório de Neurociências e Comportamento, Grupo de Pesquisas em Neurofarmacologia e Psicopatologia Experimental, Instituto de Estudos em Saúde e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, Unidade III - Av. dos Ipês, S/N, Marabá, Brazil.
Behavior and Welfare Group, Department of Farm Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, University Utrecht, P.O.Box 80.151, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Behav Brain Funct. 2019 Mar 1;15(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s12993-019-0152-4.
The use of animals in neurosciences has a long history. It is considered indispensable in areas in which "translational" research is deemed invaluable, such as behavioral pharmacology and comparative psychology. Animal models are being used in pharmacology and genetics to screen for treatment targets, and in the field of experimental psychopathology to understand the neurobehavioral underpinnings of a disorder and of its putative treatment. The centrality of behavioral models betrays the complexity of the epistemic and semantic considerations which are needed to understand what a model is. In this review, such considerations are made, and the breadth of model building and evaluation approaches is extended to include theoretical considerations on the etiology of mental disorders. This expansion is expected to help improve the validity of behavioral models and to increase their translational value. Moreover, the role of theory in improving construct validity creates the need for behavioral scientists to fully engage this process.
动物在神经科学中的应用有着悠久的历史。在被认为具有重要“转化”研究价值的领域，如行为药理学和比较心理学，动物模型被认为是不可或缺的。动物模型被用于药理学和遗传学以筛选治疗靶点，并用于实验精神病理学领域以了解障碍及其假定治疗的神经行为基础。行为模型的核心地位揭示了理解模型需要的认识论和语义学考虑的复杂性。在这篇综述中，对这些考虑进行了探讨，并将模型构建和评估方法的范围扩展到包括对精神障碍病因的理论考虑。这种扩展有望提高行为模型的有效性，并增加其转化价值。此外，理论在提高构建有效性方面的作用，使得行为科学家需要充分参与这一过程。
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