Université de Rennes 1, OSUR/CNRS-UMR 6553, Ecosystèmes-Biodiversité-Evolution, Campus de Beaulieu, Bâtiment 14A, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
Université de Rennes 1, OSUR/CNRS-UMR 6553, Ecosystèmes-Biodiversité-Evolution, Campus de Beaulieu, Bâtiment 14A, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
Plant Sci. 2019 Mar;280:143-154. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.11.005. Epub 2018 Nov 13.
Genome doubling or polyploidy is a widespread phenomenon in plants where it has important evolutionary consequences affecting the species distribution and ecology. PAHs are ubiquitous organic pollutants, which represent a major environmental concern. Recent data showed that tolerance to organic xenobiotics involve specific signaling pathways, and detoxifying gene sets referred as 'the xenome'. However, no data are available about how polyploidy impacts tolerance to organic xenobiotics. In the present paper, we investigated PAH tolerance following allopolyploidization in Spartina alterniflora, S. maritima and their derived allopolyploid species S. anglica. We performed comparative analyses of cellular compartmentalization, photosynthetic indices, and oxidative stress markers under phenanthrene-induced stress, and found that S. anglica exhibit increased tolerance compared to its parents. Based on 52 genes potentially involved in phenanthrene detoxification previously identified in A. thaliana, we investigated the Spartina xenome using genomic and transcriptomic available resources. Subsequently, we focused on GSTs, a ubiquitous enzymes class involved in organic xenobiotic detoxification. We examined expression profiles of selected genes by RT-qPCR, and revealed various patterns of parental expression alteration in the allopolyploid. The impacts of allopolyploidization on phenanthrene-induced stress and their potential ecological implications are discussed. The neo-allopolyploid S. anglica appears as a potential candidate for phytoremediation in PAH-polluted marshes.
基因组加倍或多倍体是植物中广泛存在的现象，它对物种分布和生态具有重要的进化后果。多环芳烃是普遍存在的有机污染物，是主要的环境关注点。最近的数据表明，对有机异源生物的耐受性涉及特定的信号通路和解毒基因集，称为“异源基因组”。然而，关于多倍体如何影响对有机异源生物的耐受性还没有数据。在本文中，我们研究了多倍体化对互花米草、盐地碱蓬及其衍生的异源多倍体物种大米草的多环芳烃耐受性的影响。我们对菲诱导应激下的细胞区室化、光合指标和氧化应激标志物进行了比较分析，发现大米草比其亲本具有更高的耐受性。基于先前在拟南芥中鉴定的 52 个可能参与菲解毒的基因，我们利用基因组和转录组可用资源研究了大米草的异源基因组。随后，我们将重点放在 GSTs 上，这是一类参与有机异源生物解毒的普遍存在的酶。我们通过 RT-qPCR 检查了选定基因的表达谱，并揭示了异源多倍体中亲本表达变化的各种模式。讨论了多倍体化对菲诱导应激的影响及其潜在的生态意义。新的异源多倍体大米草似乎是受多环芳烃污染的沼泽植物修复的潜在候选者。
