Georgieff M K, Sasanow S R
Clin Perinatol. 1986 Mar;13(1):73-89.
Application of nutritional assessment techniques during the neonatal period provides the clinician with a strategy for evaluating the adequacy of macronutrient intake. To this end, the MAC:HC ratio and ponderal index appear to be more sensitive than birth weight in identifying newborns at risk for morbidity from fetal growth aberrations. In longitudinal assessment of postnatal growth the clinician is faced with several choices of anthropometric and/or biochemical techniques, either singly or in combination, to identify specific problems concerning protein energy nutritional status. Measurements of weight, length, and head and mid arm circumferences may be used both as static and dynamic assessments, but are more valid indicators when considered in relation to each other. Short-term biochemical markers, such as prealbumin, are more useful than albumin in assessing the effect of recent changes in protein intake. At the present time other biochemical tests are not helpful in the daily management of protein energy nutrition in infancy.
在新生儿期应用营养评估技术，为临床医生提供了一种评估宏量营养素摄入充足性的策略。为此，在识别因胎儿生长异常而有发病风险的新生儿方面，MAC:HC比值和体重指数似乎比出生体重更为敏感。在对出生后生长的纵向评估中，临床医生面临着多种人体测量和/或生化技术的选择，可单独使用或联合使用，以识别与蛋白质能量营养状况相关的具体问题。体重、身长、头围和上臂中部周长的测量既可用作静态评估，也可用作动态评估，但相互关联考虑时才是更有效的指标。短期生化指标，如前白蛋白，在评估近期蛋白质摄入量变化的影响方面比白蛋白更有用。目前，其他生化检测对婴儿期蛋白质能量营养的日常管理并无帮助。
