HSM, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Basrah, Iraq.
HSM, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Département d'Hygiène Hospitalière, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Jun 1;667:64-76. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.183. Epub 2019 Feb 13.
Aquatic ecosystems subjected to anthropogenic pressures are places of rapid evolution of microbial communities and likely hotspots for selection and emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria. In urban settings, water quality and the risk of infection are generally assessed in sewers and in effluents of wastewater treatment plants. Physical and chemical parameters as well as the presence of antibiotics, antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes of resistance are driven by urban activities, with adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems. In this paper we review the environmental pressures exerted on bacterial communities in urban runoff waters and discuss the impact of these settings on antibiotic resistance. Considering the worrisome epidemiology of infectious diseases and estimated mortality due to antimicrobial resistance in the coming decades, there is an urgent need to identify all environmental reservoirs of resistant bacteria and resistance genes to complete our knowledge of the epidemiological cycle and of the dynamics of urban antibiotic resistance.
受人为压力影响的水生生态系统是微生物群落快速进化的地方，也是抗生素耐药菌选择和出现的热点。在城市环境中，水质和感染风险通常在污水管道和废水处理厂的废水中进行评估。物理化学参数以及抗生素、耐药菌和耐药基因的存在受城市活动的驱动，对水生生态系统产生不利影响。本文综述了城市径流水体中细菌群落所承受的环境压力，并讨论了这些环境对抗生素耐药性的影响。考虑到未来几十年传染病的流行病学令人担忧以及估计因抗生素耐药性而导致的死亡率，迫切需要确定所有耐药菌和耐药基因的环境储库，以全面了解流行病学循环和城市抗生素耐药性的动态。
