College of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China 250353.
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China 271018.
J Dairy Sci. 2019 May;102(5):3839-3850. doi: 10.3168/jds.2018-15363. Epub 2019 Mar 1.
This study investigated the protein changes in goat milk during the homogenization process using label-free quantification. We quantified 310 and 315 proteins in the control group (CG) and homogenized group (HG), respectively, and 16 proteins were significantly different between the 2 groups. For HG, the goat milk protein particle sizes were smaller and more evenly distributed and exhibited an increase in the regular arrangement of the secondary structures. Proteomics analysis verified that xanthine dehydrogenase and asparaginase-like 1 expression in CG were higher than in HG, whereas the opposite was observed for fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, κ-casein, and β-casein. Significant changes were found in the homogenization-treated goat milk proteome that were related to goat milk glycolysis/gluconeogenesis metabolism. This work provides updated information on the current proteome characteristics of homogenized goat milk, which may be important for applying the protein component of goat milk to human nutrition and health.
本研究采用无标记定量方法研究了羊奶在均质过程中的蛋白质变化。我们分别定量了对照组（CG）和均质组（HG）中的 310 种和 315 种蛋白质，两组之间有 16 种蛋白质存在显著差异。对于 HG，羊奶蛋白颗粒更小且分布更均匀，二级结构的规则排列增加。蛋白质组学分析证实，CG 中的黄嘌呤脱氢酶和天冬酰胺酶样 1 的表达高于 HG，而果糖-1,6-二磷酸醛缩酶、κ-酪蛋白和β-酪蛋白的表达则相反。在均质处理的羊奶蛋白质组中发现了与羊奶糖酵解/糖异生代谢相关的显著变化。这项工作提供了关于均质羊奶当前蛋白质组特征的最新信息，这对于将羊奶蛋白质成分应用于人类营养和健康可能非常重要。
