Molecular Microbial Physiology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Photanol BV, Matrix V, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands.
Physiol Plant. 2019 May;166(1):413-427. doi: 10.1111/ppl.12946. Epub 2019 Mar 26.
A sustainable society will have to largely refrain from the use of fossil carbon deposits. In such a regime, renewable electricity can be harvested as a primary source of energy. However, as for the synthesis of carbon-based materials from bulk chemicals, an alternative is required. A sustainable approach towards this is the synthesis of commodity chemicals from CO , water and sunlight. Multiple paths to achieve this have been designed and tested in the domains of chemistry and biology. In the latter, the use of both chemotrophic and phototrophic organisms has been advocated. 'Direct conversion' of CO and H O, catalyzed by an oxyphototroph, has excellent prospects to become the most economically competitive of these transformations, because of the relative ease of scale-up of this process. Significantly, for a wide range of energy and commodity products, a proof of principle via engineering of the corresponding production organism has been provided. In the optimization of a cyanobacterial production organism, a wide range of aspects has to be addressed. Of these, here we will put our focus on: (1) optimizing the (carbon) flux to the desired product; (2) increasing the genetic stability of the producing organism and (3) maximizing its energy conversion efficiency. Significant advances have been made on all these three aspects during the past 2 years and these will be discussed: (1) increasing the carbon partitioning to >50%; (2) aligning product formation with the growth of the cells and (3) expanding the photosynthetically active radiation region for oxygenic photosynthesis.
一个可持续发展的社会将不得不大量避免使用化石碳储存。在这样的制度下，可再生电力可以作为主要的能源来获取。然而，对于从大宗化学品合成碳基材料，需要一种替代方法。一种可持续的方法是从 CO 、水和阳光合成大宗商品化学品。化学和生物学领域已经设计和测试了多种实现这一目标的途径。在后者中，已经提倡使用化能营养生物和光能营养生物。由于该过程易于放大，因此由好氧光合生物催化的 CO 和 H O 的“直接转化”具有成为这些转化中最具经济竞争力的方法的极好前景。重要的是，对于广泛的能源和商品产品，已经通过相应生产生物的工程设计提供了原理验证。在蓝藻生产生物的优化中，必须解决很多方面的问题。其中，我们将在这里重点关注：（1）优化所需产物的（碳）通量；（2）提高产生生物的遗传稳定性；（3）最大限度地提高其能量转换效率。在过去的 2 年中，在所有这三个方面都取得了重大进展，我们将讨论：（1）将碳分配提高到>50%；（2）使产物形成与细胞的生长一致；（3）扩大产氧光合作用的光合有效辐射区域。
