Ackerman S L, Siegel R W
J Neurogenet. 1986 Mar;3(2):111-23. doi: 10.3109/01677068609106898.
To test the hypothesis that associative learning is the basis for conditioned courtship, male Drosophila melanogaster were paired with virgin females in the presence of quinine, known to be a negative reinforcer in a learning paradigm independent of courtship. Such "experienced" wild-type males failed to court virgin females and remained refractory to them for 1-2 h. But experienced males from the learning-defective strain, dunce, continued to court females at high levels; and experienced males from the retention-defective strain, amnesiac, failed to demonstrate the wild-type refractory period. Finally, males from the don giovanni strain, defective with respect to fertilized-female conditioning, were conditioned by presentation of virgin females and quinine. Courtship-depressing effects of cis-vaccenyl alcohol, which can be recovered from fertilized females, were confirmed, but no evidence for its role as a negative reinforcer of male courtship was obtained.
为了验证联想学习是条件性求偶行为基础这一假设，将雄性黑腹果蝇与未交配过的雌性果蝇在奎宁存在的情况下配对，已知奎宁在与求偶行为无关的学习范式中是一种负强化物。这种“有经验的”野生型雄性果蝇未能向未交配过的雌性果蝇求偶，并且在1至2小时内对它们保持无反应状态。但是来自学习缺陷型品系“笨蛋”的有经验的雄性果蝇继续以较高频率向雌性果蝇求偶；而来自记忆缺陷型品系“失忆症”的有经验的雄性果蝇则未表现出野生型的不应期。最后，对在受精雌性条件化方面存在缺陷的“唐乔瓦尼”品系的雄性果蝇，通过向其呈现未交配过的雌性果蝇和奎宁进行条件化处理。顺式 vaccenyl 醇可从受精雌性果蝇中提取，其对求偶行为的抑制作用得到了证实，但未获得其作为雄性求偶行为负强化物作用的证据。
