Kimura Hirokazu, Shirabe Komei, Takeda Makoto, Kobayashi Miho, Tsukagoshi Hiroyuki, Okayama Kaori, Ryo Akihide, Nagasawa Koo, Okabe Nobuhiko, Minagawa Hiroko, Kozawa Kunihisa
Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Japan.
Graduate School of Health Science, Gunma Paz University, Takasaki, Japan.
Front Microbiol. 2019 Feb 18;10:269. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00269. eCollection 2019.
Koplik spots are considered a disease-specific sign for measles, although comprehensive virological studies have not been conducted to date. In Japan, a national survey of 3023 measles and measles-suspected cases was conducted between 2009 and 2014 using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) to detect various rash/fever-associated viruses. Koplik spots were observed in 717 of 3023 cases (23.7%). Among these, the measles virus was detected in 202 cases (28.2%), while the rubella virus was detected in 125 cases (17.4%). Other viruses were detected in 51 cases having the spots (7.1%). In some of the cases with spots, two or three viruses, such as the rubella virus, parvovirus, and human herpesvirus type 6 were also detected. The sensitivity and specificity of Koplik spots as a diagnostic marker for measles were 48 and 80%, respectively. The results suggested that Koplik spots might appear not only in measles but also in other viral infections, such as rubella, as a clinical sign.
科氏斑被认为是麻疹的疾病特异性体征，尽管迄今为止尚未进行全面的病毒学研究。在日本，2009年至2014年间对3023例麻疹及疑似麻疹病例进行了全国性调查，采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）或逆转录PCR（RT-PCR）检测各种与皮疹/发热相关的病毒。在3023例病例中有717例（23.7%）观察到科氏斑。其中，202例（28.2%）检测到麻疹病毒，125例（17.4%）检测到风疹病毒。在有科氏斑的51例病例（7.1%）中检测到其他病毒。在一些有科氏斑的病例中，还检测到两种或三种病毒，如风疹病毒、细小病毒和人疱疹病毒6型。科氏斑作为麻疹诊断标志物的敏感性和特异性分别为48%和80%。结果表明，科氏斑可能不仅出现在麻疹中，也可能作为一种临床体征出现在其他病毒感染中，如风疹。
