卡西姆大学医学生对乙型肝炎病毒感染风险及控制措施的现有认知、态度和实践
Current Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Medical Students Regarding the Risk of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Control Measures at Qassim University.
作者信息
Al Wutayd Osama, AlRehaili Abdullah, AlSafrani Khaled, Abalkhail Abdulrahman, AlEidi Sulaiman Mohammed
机构信息
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
Unaizah College of Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
出版信息
Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Feb 10;7(3):435-439. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.118. eCollection 2019 Feb 15.
BACKGROUND
Medical students are exposed to occupational health hazards in hospitals during their studies and lack sufficient education about infection control measures. Injury to medical students is a substantial problem and students have an increased risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV). To understand how medical students think about infection control, it is important to identify the strengths and weaknesses of their education.
AIM
To assess current knowledge, attitudes, and practice of medical students regarding HBV infection and control measures at Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted at a medical college. Participants completed a 39-item self-administered questionnaire assessing demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and practice. Item response frequencies were calculated. Responses were recorded into yes (strongly agree and agree) and no (neutral, disagree, and strongly disagree) answers. Correct responses were totalled and categorised as good or poor performance. A scale cut-off of less than 75% correct responses was considered poor, and 75% or more correct responses was considered good. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated, and the chi-square test was used for analysis.
RESULTS
A total of 21%, 41%, and 8% of students expressed good knowledge, attitudes, and practice, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between males and females on knowledge (p = 0.089), attitudes (p = 0.829), and practice (p = 0.248). There was a statistically significant difference between academic years on knowledge (p = 0.0001), attitudes (p = 0.0001), and practice (p = 0.0001).
CONCLUSION
Most medical students have poor knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding the risk of HBV infection. It is recommended that a policy is implemented for training on infection prevention for all medical students before they start clinical practice. Prevention programs about HBV infection should be instituted, and existing programs must be strengthened.
背景
医学生在学习期间会接触医院中的职业健康危害，且缺乏关于感染控制措施的充分教育。医学生受到伤害是一个严重问题，并且学生感染乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）的风险增加。为了解医学生对感染控制的看法，识别他们教育中的优点和不足很重要。
目的
评估沙特阿拉伯卡西姆大学医学生对HBV感染及控制措施的当前知识、态度和实践情况。
材料与方法
在一所医学院进行了一项横断面研究。参与者完成了一份39项的自填式问卷，评估人口统计学、知识、态度和实践情况。计算项目回答频率。回答被记录为是（强烈同意和同意）和否（中立、不同意和强烈不同意）答案。正确回答总数被分类为表现良好或不佳。正确回答比例低于75%被视为不佳，75%或更高被视为良好。计算优势比和95%置信区间，并使用卡方检验进行分析。
结果
分别有21%、41%和8%的学生表现出良好的知识、态度和实践。在知识（p = 0.089）、态度（p = 0.829）和实践（p = 0.248）方面，男性和女性之间没有统计学上的显著差异。在知识（p = 0.0001）、态度（p = 0.0001）和实践（p = 0.0001）方面，学年之间存在统计学上的显著差异。
结论
大多数医学生对HBV感染风险的知识、态度和实践较差。建议在所有医学生开始临床实习前实施一项感染预防培训政策。应制定关于HBV感染的预防计划，并且必须加强现有计划。
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