沙特阿拉伯王国阿赖尔北部边境大学医学生对预防乙型肝炎病毒感染的知识、态度和行为
Knowledge, attitudes and practices toward prevention of hepatitis B virus infection among medical students at Northern Border University, Arar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
作者信息
Alhowaish Mohammed Ali, Alhowaish Jawaher Ali, Alanazi Yasser Hamoud, Alshammari Muharib Mana, Alshammari Mushref Saeid, Alshamari Nasser Ghadeer, Alshammari Abdulaziz Sael, Almutairi Meshael Kareem, Algarni Sultan Abdullah
机构信息
Intern, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia.
Resident, Department of Family Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Alkhobar, Saudi Arabia.
出版信息
Electron Physician. 2017 Sep 25;9(9):5388-5394. doi: 10.19082/5388. eCollection 2017 Sep.
BACKGROUND AND AIM
Health care workers' risk of occupational exposure to HBV is a chief concern, particularly with young students in the health profession. This study was carried out to assess the knowledge regarding symptoms, risk factors and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection among medical students.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was carried out from November 01, 2016 to May 30, 2017 on medical students at the Northern Border University (Arar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia). Data were collected from 200 students from all academic years using pre-designed questionnaire which included questions designed to fulfill the study objectives.
RESULTS
Regarding students' knowledge about hepatitis B infection, 81% of them knew that carriers could transmit infection, 89.5% of them knew that it could not be spread by casual contact, 80% by contact with open wound, 96.5% by contaminated blood and body fluids, 92.5% by unsterilized syringe, needle and surgical instruments and 79.5% by unsafe sex. In total, 86.5% of students knew that a vaccine could prevent HBV infection, 95% knew it had been laboratory tested, 64% knew HBV had post exposure prophylaxis and only 55% knew that it could be cured. In all, 75.5% of students knew that HBV caused liver cancer. Regarding attitude, 23% of students said they had no concern of being infected with HBV, 86.5% agreed that HBV vaccine was safe and effective and 90% believed that following infection, control guidelines would protect them from being infected by HBV at work. Regarding practice, only 56.5% of students had screened for HBV infection 22% had had a needle prick injury but 68% would report that injury. Furthermore, 69.5% have received HBV vaccine but only 38% of them had received 3 doses.
CONCLUSION
The students' knowledge of the hepatitis B virus was found to be good. We recommend improving knowledge, attitude and practice of the public as well as students, through health education campaigns and settings.
背景与目的
医护人员职业暴露于乙肝病毒的风险是一个主要关注点，尤其是对于卫生专业的年轻学生。本研究旨在评估医学生对乙肝病毒感染的症状、危险因素及预防的知识。
方法
于2016年11月1日至2017年5月30日在沙特阿拉伯王国阿赖尔的北部边境大学对医学生进行了一项横断面研究。使用预先设计的问卷从所有学年的200名学生中收集数据，该问卷包含旨在实现研究目标的问题。
结果
关于学生对乙肝感染的知识，81%的学生知道携带者可传播感染，89.5%的学生知道它不会通过日常接触传播，80%知道通过接触开放性伤口传播，96.5%知道通过污染的血液和体液传播，92.5%知道通过未消毒的注射器、针头和手术器械传播，79.5%知道通过不安全的性行为传播。总体而言，86.5%的学生知道疫苗可预防乙肝病毒感染，95%知道它经过了实验室检测，64%知道乙肝病毒有暴露后预防措施，只有55%知道它可以治愈。总共75.5%的学生知道乙肝病毒会导致肝癌。关于态度，23%的学生表示他们不担心感染乙肝病毒，86.5%同意乙肝疫苗安全有效，90%相信遵循感染控制指南会保护他们在工作中不感染乙肝病毒。关于实践，只有56.5%的学生进行过乙肝病毒感染筛查，22%曾有过针刺伤，但68%会报告该损伤。此外，69.5%的学生接种过乙肝疫苗，但其中只有38%接种了3剂。
结论
发现学生对乙肝病毒的知识掌握得较好。我们建议通过健康教育活动和场所来提高公众以及学生的知识、态度和实践水平。
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