1 Institute of Health and Care Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
2 KU Leuven Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Belgium.
Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2019 Jun;18(5):389-398. doi: 10.1177/1474515119835434. Epub 2019 Mar 5.
The objective of this study was to measure the level of empowerment and identify its correlates in young persons with congenital heart disease.
Patients aged 14-18 years with congenital heart disease, and under active follow-up in one of four paediatric cardiology centres in Sweden were invited to participate in a cross-sectional study. A total of 202 young persons returned the questionnaires. Patient empowerment was measured with the Gothenburg Young Persons Empowerment Scale that allows the calculation of total and subscale scores. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were undertaken to analyse possible correlates, including: sex, age, health behaviours, knowledge of congenital heart disease, quality of life, patient-reported health, congenital heart disease complexity, transition readiness and illness perception.
The mean empowerment score was 54.6±10.6 (scale of 15-75). Univariate analyses showed that empowerment was associated with age, quality of life, transition readiness, illness perception, health behaviours and patient-reported health (perceived physical appearance, treatment anxiety, cognitive problems and communication issues). However, multivariable linear regression analyses identified that only transition readiness (β=0.28, P<0.001) and communication (β=0.36, P<0.001) had a positive association with patient empowerment. These variables were also significantly associated with the subscale scores of the empowerment scale of knowledge and understanding ( P<0.001), shared decision-making ( P<0.001) and enabling others ( P<0.01). The overall models' explained variance ranged from 8% to 37%.
Patient empowerment was associated with transition readiness and fewer problems communicating. While it is not possible to establish the directionality of the associations, interventions looking to increase empowerment could benefit from using these variables (or measurements) for evaluation purposes.
本研究旨在衡量年轻人先天性心脏病患者的赋权水平，并确定其相关因素。
邀请年龄在 14-18 岁、在瑞典四家儿科心脏病中心之一接受积极随访的先天性心脏病患者参加横断面研究。共有 202 名年轻人返回了问卷。使用哥德堡年轻人赋权量表来衡量患者的赋权情况，该量表允许计算总分和子量表得分。进行了单变量和多变量线性回归分析，以分析可能的相关因素，包括：性别、年龄、健康行为、先天性心脏病知识、生活质量、患者报告的健康状况、先天性心脏病的复杂性、过渡准备情况和疾病认知。
平均赋权得分为 54.6±10.6（15-75 分制）。单变量分析表明，赋权与年龄、生活质量、过渡准备情况、疾病认知、健康行为和患者报告的健康状况（感知的外貌、治疗焦虑、认知问题和沟通问题）相关。然而，多变量线性回归分析表明，只有过渡准备情况（β=0.28，P<0.001）和沟通（β=0.36，P<0.001）与患者赋权呈正相关。这些变量也与赋权量表的知识和理解子量表评分（P<0.001）、共同决策（P<0.001）和赋能他人（P<0.01）显著相关。总体模型的解释方差范围为 8%-37%。
患者赋权与过渡准备情况和沟通问题较少相关。虽然无法确定关联的方向性，但旨在增强赋权的干预措施可能受益于使用这些变量（或测量方法）进行评估。
