Rahul D R, Ponniah R Joseph
National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
J Biosci. 2019 Mar;44(1).
Associating human genetic makeup with the faculty of language has long been a goal for biolinguistics. This stimulated the idea that language is attributed to genes and language disabilities are caused by genetic mutations. However, application of genetic knowledge on language intervention is still a gap in the existing literature. In an effort to bridge this gap, this article presents an account of genetic and neural associations of language and synthesizes the genetic, neural, epigenetic and environmental facets involved in language. In addition to describing the association of genes with language, the neural and epigenetic aspects of language are also explored. Further, the environmental aspects of language such as language input, emotion and cognition are also traced back to gene expressions. Therefore, effective language intervention for language learning difficulties must offer genetics-informed solutions, both linguistic and medical.
将人类基因构成与语言能力联系起来一直是生物语言学的目标。这引发了一种观点，即语言归因于基因，语言障碍是由基因突变引起的。然而，将基因知识应用于语言干预在现有文献中仍是一个空白。为了填补这一空白，本文阐述了语言的基因与神经关联，并综合了语言中涉及的基因、神经、表观遗传和环境等方面。除了描述基因与语言的关联外，还探讨了语言的神经和表观遗传方面。此外，语言的环境方面，如语言输入、情感和认知，也可追溯到基因表达。因此，针对语言学习困难的有效语言干预必须提供语言学和医学方面基于遗传学的解决方案。
