Sriganesh Radhakrishnan, Joseph Ponniah R
National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, India.
J Genet. 2018 Dec;97(5):1485-1491.
Genetic variation of language genes affect neurophysiology of brain and can thus influence the way people respond to environmental language input, leading to differences in terms of their response to environmental language learning. Conversely, language learning environment too can affect gene expressions through neuroepigenetic mechanisms, leading to increasedinterindividual differences. Further, language-related cognitive processes such as learning, working memory and perception; and language-related affective factors such as stress and positive emotion involve neuroplasticity, which is also epigenetically regulated. Language intervention methods must understand the extent and the type of difficulties, and must offer personalized learning andmedical solutions. Medical intervention in terms of epigenetics and neurotransmitter regulation is proposed in addition to effectiveteaching methods to aid in effective language acquisition.
语言基因的遗传变异会影响大脑的神经生理学，进而影响人们对环境语言输入的反应方式，导致他们在环境语言学习反应方面存在差异。相反，语言学习环境也会通过神经表观遗传机制影响基因表达，从而增加个体间差异。此外，与语言相关的认知过程，如学习、工作记忆和感知；以及与语言相关的情感因素，如压力和积极情绪，都涉及神经可塑性，而神经可塑性也是由表观遗传调控的。语言干预方法必须了解困难的程度和类型，并且必须提供个性化的学习和医学解决方案。除了有效的教学方法外，还建议在表观遗传学和神经递质调节方面进行医学干预，以帮助实现有效的语言习得。
