Colosimo Carlo, Bologna Matteo, Berardelli Alfredo
Department of Neurology and Psychiatry Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy.
Neuromed Institute IRCCS Pozzilli (IS) Italy.
Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2015 Oct 28;2(4):449. doi: 10.1002/mdc3.12291. eCollection 2015 Dec.
Blepharospasm, which is the most frequent cranial dystonia, is characterized clinically by bilateral, synchronous, and symmetric involuntary orbicularis oculi muscle contractions. Assessment of motor abnormalities in patients with blepharospasm is an important issue in the clinical practice of movement disorders. This video highlights the most important aspects in the clinical evaluation of blepharospasm. We will show how we approach the main motor abnormalities related to blepharospasm. Additional features that often characterize blepharospasm, such as increased blinking, sensory tricks that can transiently improve muscle spasms, and apraxia of eyelid opening will also be discussed. Then, we will summarize the main aspects that differentiate patients with blepharospasm from other conditions characterized by eyelid disturbances. Finally, we will take into account the possible therapeutic implications of an accurate clinical examination of patients.
眼睑痉挛是最常见的颅肌张力障碍，临床上表现为双侧、同步、对称的眼轮匝肌不自主收缩。评估眼睑痉挛患者的运动异常是运动障碍临床实践中的一个重要问题。本视频重点介绍了眼睑痉挛临床评估中最重要的方面。我们将展示如何处理与眼睑痉挛相关的主要运动异常。还将讨论眼睑痉挛常见的其他特征，如眨眼增多、可短暂改善肌肉痉挛的感觉技巧以及眼睑开合失用症。然后，我们将总结区分眼睑痉挛患者与其他以眼睑紊乱为特征的疾病的主要方面。最后，我们将考虑对患者进行准确临床检查可能带来的治疗意义。
