Bellack Janis P, Dickow Mary
MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, Massachusetts (Dr Bellack); and Director of Strategic Initiatives, Organization for Associate Degree Nursing, Pensacola, Florida (Ms Dickow).
Nurs Adm Q. 2019 Apr/Jun;43(2):113-122. doi: 10.1097/NAQ.0000000000000345.
To be successful, nurse leaders must be able to develop and articulate a vision for their areas of responsibility, build strong relationships with those they lead, and execute strategies and actions to achieve shared goals. Emotional intelligence and mastering self, interpersonal, and team relationships, while understanding organizational culture and systems, are critical components of successful leadership. Nurse leaders must be aware of their own strengths and weaknesses, be able to manage their emotions, exhibit social awareness of others' emotions, and successfully manage their relationships with others within their sphere of influence. Leaders who fail to manage themselves and their relationships with others fail to lead with clear direction and purpose, or fail to deliver results for their organizations, and risk derailing their careers. This article focuses on common behaviors and characteristics that cause leaders to derail as well as the risks for leadership failure (self-imposed, boss-imposed, situation-imposed), including common traps leaders can fall into in the first months of assuming a new leadership role. Risks for career derailment and opportunities for preventing or rebounding from leadership failure are reviewed.
要取得成功，护士领导者必须能够为其负责领域制定并清晰阐述愿景，与下属建立牢固的关系，并执行战略和行动以实现共同目标。情商以及掌握自我、人际关系和团队关系，同时理解组织文化和系统，是成功领导的关键要素。护士领导者必须了解自身的优势和劣势，能够管理自己的情绪，展现对他人情绪的社会意识，并在其影响范围内成功管理与他人的关系。未能管理好自己以及与他人关系的领导者，无法以明确的方向和目标引领他人，或无法为其组织取得成果，并有使职业生涯脱轨的风险。本文重点关注导致领导者脱轨的常见行为和特征以及领导失败的风险（自我造成的、上级造成的、情境造成的），包括领导者在担任新领导角色的头几个月可能陷入的常见陷阱。文中还审视了职业脱轨的风险以及预防领导失败或从领导失败中反弹的机会。
