Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.
Dipartimento Medico-Chirurgico di Internistica Clinica e Sperimentale F Magrassi e A Lanzara, Universita degli studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
Radiol Med. 2019 Nov;124(11):1167-1174. doi: 10.1007/s11547-019-01017-9. Epub 2019 Mar 6.
Although the diagnosis of arthritis and spondyloarthritis is based on clinical criteria, today the imaging methods are an indispensable aid to the rheumatologist. Imaging has not only the task of helping early diagnosis, but it has also a fundamental role in disease grading and therapeutic monitoring. In this scenario where many publications emphasize the importance of identifying synovitis and erosions at an early stage, it is essential to know the possible pitfalls which can determine both false positives and false negatives. The high variability of the musculoskeletal system anatomy makes it necessary to have a correct knowledge of all anatomical complexes, in order not to confuse them with the pathology. Moreover, the correct and standardized method of the execution and interpretation of the exams, such as ultrasound, is crucial to identifying and correctly monitoring the pathological hallmarks of the arthritis. This paper aims to provide an instrument to radiologists, highlighting the main imaging pitfalls in ultrasound and magnetic resonance which may be encountered in daily practice.
虽然关节炎和脊柱关节炎的诊断基于临床标准，但如今影像学方法是风湿病学家不可或缺的辅助手段。影像学不仅有助于早期诊断，而且在疾病分级和治疗监测方面也具有重要作用。在许多出版物强调早期识别滑膜炎和侵蚀的重要性的背景下，了解可能导致假阳性和假阴性的潜在陷阱至关重要。由于肌肉骨骼系统解剖结构的高度可变性，因此必须正确了解所有解剖结构，以免将其与病理学混淆。此外，执行和解释超声等检查的正确和标准化方法对于识别和正确监测关节炎的病理特征至关重要。本文旨在为放射科医生提供一种工具，突出日常实践中可能遇到的超声和磁共振成像中的主要影像学陷阱。
