Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2019 Apr 1;197:183-190. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.01.029. Epub 2019 Feb 27.
Sex-related differences in the susceptibility, progression, and treatment response in alcohol-dependent subjects have been repeatedly reported. In this study, we aimed to investigate the associations of the sex-related hormone/protein levels with alcohol dependence (AD) and alcohol craving in male and female subjects.
Plasma sex-related hormones (estradiol, estrone, total testosterone, progesterone, follicle stimulated hormone [FSH], luteinizing hormone), and sex hormone binding globulin were measured by mass spectrometry or automated immunoassays from 44 recently-abstained subjects (29 males and 15 females; mean age = 45.9 ± 15.6) meeting DSM-IV-TR criteria for AD and 44 age-, sex- and race-matched non-AD controls. Conditional logistic regression was conducted to examine the association of sex-related hormone and protein levels with AD risk, accounting for matching variables. Their associations with alcohol craving scales (Penn Alcohol Craving Scale and Inventory of Drug-Taking Situations) were assessed in AD subjects.
Plasma FSH level was significantly higher in AD males (10.3 ± 9.8 IU/L) than control males (8.0 ± 15.9 IU/L; p = 0.005, p = 0.035). We also found a significant inverse correlation of FSH level with propensity to drink in negative emotional situations (Spearman's rho=-.540; p = 0.021) and positive correlations between progesterone level and craving intensity (Spearman's rho=.464; p = 0.020) and between total testosterone level and propensity to drink under temptations (adjusted for no-drinking days; β=6.496; p = 0.041) in AD males.
These results suggest that FSH, progesterone, and testosterone levels may be associated with AD and alcohol craving in AD males. Future research is needed to replicate these findings and investigate the underlying biological mechanisms.
在酒精依赖患者中，性别相关的易感性、进展和治疗反应差异已被反复报道。在这项研究中，我们旨在研究性别相关激素/蛋白水平与男性和女性酒精依赖患者的酒精依赖和酒精渴求之间的关联。
通过质谱或自动化免疫分析，从符合 DSM-IV-TR 酒精依赖标准的 44 名近期戒酒的患者（29 名男性和 15 名女性；平均年龄 45.9±15.6 岁）和 44 名年龄、性别和种族匹配的非酒精依赖对照组中测量血浆性别相关激素（雌二醇、雌酮、总睾酮、孕酮、卵泡刺激素 [FSH]、促黄体生成素）和性激素结合球蛋白。采用条件逻辑回归分析性别相关激素和蛋白水平与酒精依赖风险的关联，同时考虑匹配变量。在酒精依赖患者中评估了它们与酒精渴求量表（宾夕法尼亚酒精渴求量表和药物使用情况量表）的相关性。
酒精依赖男性的血浆 FSH 水平（10.3±9.8 IU/L）显著高于对照组男性（8.0±15.9 IU/L；p=0.005，p=0.035）。我们还发现 FSH 水平与在负面情绪情况下饮酒倾向呈显著负相关（Spearman's rho=-.540；p=0.021），孕激素水平与渴求强度呈正相关（Spearman's rho=.464；p=0.020），总睾酮水平与在诱惑下饮酒倾向呈正相关（经非饮酒天数调整；β=6.496；p=0.041）。
这些结果表明，FSH、孕酮和睾酮水平可能与酒精依赖男性的酒精依赖和酒精渴求有关。需要进一步的研究来复制这些发现并探讨潜在的生物学机制。
