Mali V R
Marathwada Agricultural University, Parbhani 431 402, Maharashtra State, India.
Plant Dis. 1999 Sep;83(9):877. doi: 10.1094/PDIS.1999.83.9.877B.
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) line Tx2786 is immune to strains or isolates of sorghum mosaic potyvirus (SrMV strains SCH and SCH) but susceptible to strains of maize dwarf mosaic (MDMV) and sugarcane mosaic (SCMV) potyviruses (1,2). When grown in proximity to sugarcane, Tx2786 was infected with a virus that caused mosaic and necrotic symptoms during the postrainy season of 1994 (14 to 30°C) at Parbhani (Maharashtra, India). Leaf-dip electron microscopy performed on virus-infected sorghum and sugarcane tissues revealed particles, 720 × 12 nm, typical of a potyvirus. A potyvirus isolate (designated IBS) was readily transmitted mechanically from field-infected sorghum (Tx2786) and sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum cv. Co.740) to 18 glasshouse-grown sorghum inbred lines. All sorghum lines (QL-3 from India and Tx2786), including those resistant to SrMV, SCMV, MDMV, and johnsongrass mosaic potyvirus (JGMV), were infected. IBS caused necrosis in Cargill-40, Hegari, PI-35038, RTx09, Tx2786, QL-3 from India, and Redlan lines and mosaic symptoms in RTx430, SA-394, Atlas, Martin, BTx3048, Caprock, NM-31, QL-11, SCO-175-14E, Rio, and BTx623 lines. Sorghum reactions to sorghum and sugarcane virus isolates were similar. IBS also infected maize (Zea mays cv. African Tall), johnsongrass (S. halepense cv. 81, symptomless infection), and sorghum (S. bicolor cv. CS-3541) but not prosomillet (Panicum miliaceum), fingermillet (Eleusine coracana cv. IE-2540), pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoides cv. NHB-3), or oat (Avena sativa cv. Kent) when sap transmitted. IBS also was transmitted by the corn leaf aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis) in a nonpersistent manner from sorghum and sugarcane to all 18 sorghum lines in a glasshouse. Based on direct antigen-coating enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAC-ELISA), serologically specific electron microscopy, and Western blot tests, IBS was serologically related to SrMV strains SCH and SCI (2-4) but not to MDMV strains A, D, and E; SCMV strains A, B, D, SC, and MDB; or JGMV type strain from Australia and strain O from Texas (2). IBS induced formation of cytoplasmic cylindrical inclusions consisting of pinwheels associated with long, straight, laminated aggregates (subdivision type II) in sorghum and sugarcane host cells. Purified IBS contained one major polypeptide of 40 kDa and a ribonucleic acid of 3.0 × 10 Da. Polyclonal antiserum to IBS was produced in rabbits and used in DAC-ELISA to confirm the identity of IBS in sugarcane, sorghum lines, and other test plant species. On the basis of biological and serological properties, IBS isolated from field-infected sorghum grain Tx2786 and sugarcane cv. Co.740 is identified as an immunity (QL3) breaking strain of SrMV (SrMV-IBS). References: (1) L. M. Giorda et al. Plant Dis. 70:624, 1986. (2) D. D. Shukla et al. Phytopathology 79: 223, 1989. (3) D. D. Shukla et al. 1998. AAB Description of Plant Viruses No. 359. AAB, Kew, Surrey, England. (4) Z. N. Yang and T. E. Mirkov. Phytopathology 87:932, 1997.
高粱（Sorghum bicolor）品系Tx2786对高粱花叶马铃薯Y病毒（SrMV）的菌株或分离株（SrMV菌株SCH和SCH）具有免疫性，但对玉米矮花叶病毒（MDMV）和甘蔗花叶病毒（SCMV）的菌株敏感（1,2）。1994年雨季过后（14至30°C），在印度马哈拉施特拉邦帕尔巴尼，当Tx2786与甘蔗相邻种植时，感染了一种病毒，该病毒导致高粱出现花叶和坏死症状。对病毒感染的高粱和甘蔗组织进行的叶浸电子显微镜检查显示，存在典型马铃薯Y病毒的720×12纳米颗粒。一种马铃薯Y病毒分离株（命名为IBS）很容易通过机械方式从田间感染的高粱（Tx2786）和甘蔗（Saccharum officinarum cv. Co.740）传播到18个温室种植的高粱自交系。所有高粱品系（来自印度的QL - 3和Tx2786），包括那些对SrMV、SCMV、MDMV和约翰逊草花叶马铃薯Y病毒（JGMV）具有抗性的品系，均被感染。IBS在Cargill - 40、Hegari、PI - 35038、RTx09、Tx2786、来自印度的QL - 3和Redlan品系中引起坏死，在RTx430、SA - 394、Atlas、Martin、BTx3048、Caprock、NM - 31、QL - 11、SCO - 175 - 14E、Rio和BTx623品系中引起花叶症状。高粱对高粱和甘蔗病毒分离株的反应相似。IBS还感染了玉米（Zea mays cv. African Tall）、约翰逊草（S. halepense cv. 81，无症状感染）和高粱（S. bicolor cv. CS - 3541），但通过汁液接种时不感染黍（Panicum miliaceum）、龙爪稷（Eleusine coracana cv. IE - 2540）、珍珠粟（Pennisetum typhoides cv. NHB - 3）或燕麦（Avena sativa cv. Kent）。IBS也可由玉米叶蚜（Rhopalosiphum maidis）以非持久性方式从高粱和甘蔗传播到温室中的所有18个高粱品系。基于直接抗原包被酶联免疫吸附测定（DAC - ELISA）、血清学特异性电子显微镜检查和蛋白质印迹试验，IBS在血清学上与SrMV菌株SCH和SCI相关（2 - 4），但与MDMV菌株A、D和E；SCMV菌株A、B、D、SC和MDB；或来自澳大利亚的JGMV典型菌株和来自得克萨斯州的O菌株无关（2）。IBS在高粱和甘蔗宿主细胞中诱导形成由与长而直的层状聚集体相关的风车状结构组成的细胞质柱状内含体（细分类型II）。纯化的IBS含有一种40 kDa的主要多肽和一个3.0×10 Da的核糖核酸。用兔制备了针对IBS的多克隆抗血清，并用于DAC - ELISA以确认IBS在甘蔗、高粱品系和其他测试植物物种中的身份。基于生物学和血清学特性，从田间感染的高粱籽粒Tx2786和甘蔗cv. Co.740中分离出的IBS被鉴定为SrMV的一种打破免疫性（QL3）的菌株（SrMV - IBS）。参考文献：（1）L. M. Giorda等人，《植物病害》70:624，1986年。（2）D. D. Shukla等人，《植物病理学》79:223，1989年。（3）D. D. Shukla等人，1998年。《植物病毒AAB描述》第359号。AAB，英国萨里郡邱园。（4）Z.N. Yang和T.E. Mirkov，《植物病理学》87:932，1997年。
