Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China.
Aesthet Surg J. 2019 Nov 13;39(12):1436-1444. doi: 10.1093/asj/sjz073.
Improving the retention rate of transplanted fat is, currently, of great concern. Partial immobilization, angiogenesis, and adipose tissue-derived stem cells, all proven to be influenced by botulinum toxin A (BTX-A), are significant in fat graft retention.
The authors sought to determine the impact of BTX-A on fat grafts.
Our study included 12 Sprague Dawley rats and each rat's hind limbs were randomly designated as the BTX-A side and control side. We injected 0.2 mL of BTX-A-treated fat into the quadriceps femoris and subcutaneous space of the BTX-A sides. This was also done for the control sides but with untreated fat. We performed electroneuromyography of recipient muscles at 1 week post-operation. The rats were euthanized at 12 weeks post-operation and we observed the fat retention rate, the fat's histologic characteristics, and the density of vessels and mature adipocytes.
The amplitudes of electroneuromyography were smaller for the BTX-A sides than the control sides. For intramuscularly injected fat, the BTX-A sides had better retention rates and histologic characteristics and a higher density of vessels and mature adipocytes than the control sides. For subcutaneously injected fat, the BTX-A sides had better histologic characteristics and a higher density of vessels and mature adipocytes than the control sides, but the retention rates were not significantly different between the 2 sides.
Injecting BTX-A-treated fat grafts can immobilize the surrounding muscles. BTX-A can improve the density of vessels and mature adipocytes, histologic characteristics of fat grafts, and retention rate of fat grafts transplanted into muscles.
提高移植脂肪的存活率目前备受关注。部分固定、血管生成和脂肪组织来源的干细胞都被证明受肉毒毒素 A（BTX-A）的影响，这些因素对脂肪移植物的保留非常重要。
作者旨在研究 BTX-A 对脂肪移植物的影响。
本研究纳入 12 只 Sprague Dawley 大鼠，将其双侧后肢随机分为 BTX-A 侧和对照组。我们将 0.2mL BTX-A 处理过的脂肪注入 BTX-A 侧股四头肌和皮下间隙，对照组注入未处理的脂肪。术后 1 周行受肌电神经图检查，术后 12 周处死大鼠，观察脂肪保留率、脂肪的组织学特征以及血管和成熟脂肪细胞的密度。
BTX-A 侧的电神经图振幅小于对照组。对于肌肉内注射的脂肪，BTX-A 侧的保留率、组织学特征以及血管和成熟脂肪细胞的密度均优于对照组。对于皮下注射的脂肪，BTX-A 侧的组织学特征、血管和成熟脂肪细胞的密度优于对照组，但两组间的保留率无显著差异。
注射 BTX-A 处理过的脂肪移植物可固定周围肌肉。BTX-A 可提高脂肪移植物的血管和成熟脂肪细胞密度、组织学特征以及移植至肌肉内的脂肪移植物的保留率。
