Shi Nian, Guo Shuzhong, Su Yingjun, Zhang Zhaoxiang, Qiu Lihong, Yu Zhou, Yang Qing, Wang Na, Yi Chenggang
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China.
Aesthet Surg J. 2018 Aug 16;38(9):1026-1034. doi: 10.1093/asj/sjy104.
Improvement in the retention rate of transplanted fat is currently a topic of interest. The retention of transplanted fat relies heavily on the reestablishment of blood supply and the function of the adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), which may both be impeded by mechanical force. However, the effect of mechanical force on the retention of adipose implants remains unclear.
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of immobilization on fat retention rate.
Immobilization was carried out by denervation of the hind limb of rats to reduce the mechanical force. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used, and the two hind limbs were assigned at random to the immobilization side and the control side. On average, 0.4 mL of fat was injected into the bilateral muscle and subcutaneous space of the hind limb, and 6 rats were sacrificed at each time point. The outcome measures included the retention rate, the histologic evaluation, and the density of new vessels and proliferative ADSCs.
For the muscle fat, the retention rate improved, and more proliferative ADSCs and new vessels were found in the immobilization group. The histologic evaluation between the two sides was of no statistical significance. For the fat in the subcutaneous space, no statistical difference was observed in all the outcome measures between the two sides.
Regional immobilization of the recipient site by denervation can improve the retention of the fat graft in muscles owing to improved density of the new vessels and proliferative ADSCs.
目前，提高移植脂肪的留存率是一个备受关注的话题。移植脂肪的留存很大程度上依赖于血供的重建以及脂肪来源干细胞（ADSCs）的功能，而这两者都可能受到机械力的阻碍。然而，机械力对脂肪植入物留存的影响仍不明确。
本研究旨在评估固定对脂肪留存率的有效性。
通过对大鼠后肢去神经支配来进行固定，以降低机械力。使用Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠，将其两条后肢随机分配至固定侧和对照侧。平均而言，将0.4 mL脂肪注射到后肢的双侧肌肉和皮下间隙，每个时间点处死6只大鼠。观察指标包括留存率、组织学评估以及新生血管和增殖性ADSCs的密度。
对于肌肉内脂肪，固定组的留存率提高，且发现更多增殖性ADSCs和新生血管。两侧的组织学评估无统计学差异。对于皮下间隙的脂肪，两侧所有观察指标均未观察到统计学差异。
通过去神经支配对受体部位进行局部固定，可因新生血管和增殖性ADSCs密度的提高而改善肌肉内脂肪移植的留存情况。
