School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
Chemosphere. 2019 Jun;224:716-725. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.184. Epub 2019 Mar 1.
The combined application of plant Suaeda salsa and indigenous fungus Trichoderma asperellum on the treatment of a lead (Pb) and salinity (Na and Ca) co-contaminated soil was investigated by a flowerpot experiment. As demonstrated by plant growth and selected antioxidant parameters, S. salsa was able to tolerate and grow in the co-contaminated soil, especially bioaugmented with T. asperellum, which promoted plant growth (9-23% and 5-13% increases for plant height and fresh weight, respectively) and appeared to alleviate plant oxidative damage (7-85% and 7-49% decreases for plant malondialdehyde and peroxidase levels, respectively). The SDS-PAGE fingerprints indicated that the total protein contents of S. salsa were affected under Pb and salinity stresses. The interactions of Na and Ca ions on the phytotoxicity of Pb remained hormesis phenomenon that low-dose alleviation and high-dose enhancement. The analysis of phytoextraction parameters and bioavailability demonstrated that Pb was mainly concentrated in plant roots and poorly translocated, indicating the phytostabilization served as a major repair pathway. On the contrary, the Na and Ca ions were concentrated in plant by the following order: shoot > root. Moreover, bioaugmentation of planted soil with T. asperellum generally led to the 9-42%, 13-58%, and 19-30% decreases of plant Pb, Na, and Ca concentrations and translocations, respectively, as well as a 6-21% decrease of soil Pb bioavailability. This study provided a bioaugmentation-assisted phytoremediation technique to make up the deficiencies of the long-term remediation for heavy metals and salinity.
采用盆栽试验研究了盐地碱蓬（Suaeda salsa）与土著真菌哈茨木霉（Trichoderma asperellum）联合应用于修复 Pb 及盐分（Na 和 Ca）复合污染土壤。结果表明，盐地碱蓬能够在复合污染土壤中生长，尤其是在添加哈茨木霉后，其生长状况得到明显改善（株高和鲜重分别增加 9%-23%和 5%-13%），且能减轻植物的氧化损伤（丙二醛和过氧化物酶水平分别降低 7%-85%和 7%-49%）。SDS-PAGE 指纹图谱表明，Pb 和盐分胁迫下盐地碱蓬的总蛋白含量受到影响。Na 和 Ca 离子对 Pb 植物毒性的相互作用仍表现出低促高抑的激素效应。植物提取参数和生物有效性分析表明，Pb 主要集中在植物根部且迁移性差，表明植物稳定化是主要的修复途径。相反，Na 和 Ca 离子在植物体内的积累量依次为：茎>根。此外，哈茨木霉强化种植土壤通常会导致植物体内 Pb、Na 和 Ca 浓度和迁移量分别降低 9%-42%、13%-58%和 19%-30%，以及土壤中 Pb 生物有效性降低 6%-21%。本研究提供了一种生物强化辅助植物修复技术，弥补了重金属和盐分长期修复的不足。
