Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315800, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan.
Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315800, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan.
Chemosphere. 2019 Jun;224:805-815. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.163. Epub 2019 Feb 27.
Biochar is considered as a universal sorbent used for soil amendment but its impacts on organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and microbial communities associated with soil and vegetables are unclear. The effects of different biochars (derived from sewage sludge biochar (SSBC), soybean straw biochar (SBBC), rice straw biochar (RSBC) and peanut shells biochar (PNBC)), on bioaccessible fractions of OCPs in a contaminated soil and their subsequent bioaccumulation into vegetables (Chinese cabbage and spring onion) were investigated in this research work. The influence of these amendments on vegetable yields and soil microbial community using Illumina next generation sequencing technology was also assessed. The application of selected biochars significantly (p < 0.01) reduced the bioaccessibility of ∑OCPs in contaminated soil: SSBC (52%), PNBC (51%), RSBC (60%), and SBBC (47%), as compared to the control. The results indicated that following biochar additions, the bio-uptake of ∑OCP bio-uptake was considerably (from 86 to 85%) reduced in grown vegetables. Risk assessment showed that biochar amendments markedly (p < 0.01) decreased the hazard quotient (HQ) indices and incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILTR) values for OCPs associated with the consumption of vegetables. In addition, the results of high-throughput sequencing showed significant differences in microbial community structure between the treatments, which was driven by differences in the relative abundances of soil microbes. The relative abundances of Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Nitrospirae and Verrucomicrobia decreased following biochar additions. However, biochar amendments increased the relative abundances of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Gemmatimonadetes, though the increase in relative abundances of these phyla was strongly dependent on the type of biochar used.
生物炭被认为是一种通用的吸附剂，用于土壤改良，但它对与土壤和蔬菜相关的有机氯农药（OCPs）和微生物群落的影响尚不清楚。本研究考察了不同生物炭（来源于污水污泥生物炭（SSBC）、大豆秸秆生物炭（SBBC）、水稻秸秆生物炭（RSBC）和花生壳生物炭（PNBC））对污染土壤中 OCPs 的生物可利用性及其随后向蔬菜（白菜和葱）中的生物累积的影响。还使用 Illumina 下一代测序技术评估了这些改良剂对蔬菜产量和土壤微生物群落的影响。与对照相比，选定生物炭的应用显著（p < 0.01）降低了污染土壤中∑OCPs 的生物可利用性：SSBC（52%）、PNBC（51%）、RSBC（60%）和 SBBC（47%）。结果表明，添加生物炭后，蔬菜中∑OCP 的生物吸收量显著降低（从 86%到 85%）。风险评估表明，生物炭改良剂显著（p < 0.01）降低了与食用蔬菜相关的 OCPs 的危害商（HQ）指数和增量终生癌症风险（ILTR）值。此外，高通量测序结果表明，处理之间的微生物群落结构存在显著差异，这是由土壤微生物相对丰度的差异驱动的。添加生物炭后，酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门、硝化螺旋菌门和疣微菌门的相对丰度降低。然而，生物炭改良剂增加了放线菌门、变形菌门、浮霉菌门、拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和芽单胞菌门的相对丰度，尽管这些门的相对丰度增加强烈依赖于所用生物炭的类型。
