Jackson Emily, Leitao Suze, Claessen Mary, Boyes Mark
School of Occupational Therapy, Social Work and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Australia.
School of Psychology, Curtin University, Australia.
J Commun Disord. 2019 May-Jun;79:11-23. doi: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019.02.001. Epub 2019 Feb 28.
To investigate factors that influence word learning in children with developmental language disorder (DLD).
The participants were 23 children with DLD and 26 typically developing (TD) children, aged five. Participants completed a fast mapping task (assessed using a production measure), as well as tests of nonword repetition and receptive vocabulary. We explored the effect of word length on nonword repetition and fast mapping abilities while controlling for receptive vocabulary skills.
The results indicate that children with DLD demonstrate significant difficulties accurately repeating nonwords of all lengths relative to their TD peers. Children with DLD also exhibited significant difficulties with fast mapping, especially when learning longer novel words.
Our findings indicate that children with DLD demonstrate an impaired capacity to encode phonological information; however, this differentially impacts their nonword repetition and fast mapping abilities. TD children may more effectively take advantage of receptive vocabulary to support performance on these tasks.
Readers will understand how phonological short-term memory and receptive vocabulary contribute to fast mapping in children with DLD and in TD children.
研究影响发育性语言障碍（DLD）儿童词汇学习的因素。
参与者为23名患有DLD的儿童和26名发育正常（TD）的5岁儿童。参与者完成了一项快速映射任务（使用产出测量进行评估），以及非词重复和接受性词汇测试。在控制接受性词汇技能的同时，我们探讨了词长对非词重复和快速映射能力的影响。
结果表明，与发育正常的同龄人相比，患有DLD的儿童在准确重复各种长度的非词方面存在显著困难。患有DLD的儿童在快速映射方面也表现出显著困难，尤其是在学习较长的新单词时。
我们的研究结果表明，患有DLD的儿童在编码语音信息方面能力受损；然而，这对他们的非词重复和快速映射能力有不同的影响。发育正常的儿童可能更有效地利用接受性词汇来支持这些任务的表现。
读者将了解语音短期记忆和接受性词汇如何影响患有DLD的儿童和发育正常的儿童的快速映射。
