MacRoy-Higgins Michelle, Dalton Kevin Patrick
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2015 Dec;58(6):1773-9. doi: 10.1044/2015_JSLHR-L-15-0079.
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of phonotactic probability on sublexical (phonological) and lexical representations in 3-year-olds who had a history of being late talkers in comparison with their peers with typical language development.
Ten 3-year-olds who were late talkers and 10 age-matched typically developing controls completed nonword repetition and fast mapping tasks; stimuli for both experimental procedures differed in phonotactic probability.
Both participant groups repeated nonwords containing high phonotactic probability sequences more accurately than nonwords containing low phonotactic probability sequences. Participants with typical language showed an early advantage for fast mapping high phonotactic probability words; children who were late talkers required more exposures to the novel words to show the same advantage for fast mapping high phonotactic probability words.
Children who were late talkers showed similar sensitivities to phonotactic probability in nonword repetition and word learning when compared with their peers with no history of language delay. However, word learning in children who were late talkers appeared to be slower when compared with their peers.
本研究旨在考察语音组构概率对有语言发育迟缓史的3岁儿童与语言发育正常的同龄人相比在次词汇（语音）和词汇表征方面的影响。
10名语言发育迟缓的3岁儿童和10名年龄匹配的发育正常的对照儿童完成了非词重复和快速映射任务；两个实验程序的刺激在语音组构概率上有所不同。
两组参与者重复包含高语音组构概率序列的非词比包含低语音组构概率序列的非词更准确。语言发育正常的参与者在快速映射高语音组构概率单词方面表现出早期优势；有语言发育迟缓史的儿童需要更多次接触新单词才能在快速映射高语音组构概率单词方面表现出相同的优势。
与没有语言延迟史的同龄人相比，有语言发育迟缓史的儿童在非词重复和单词学习中对语音组构概率表现出相似的敏感性。然而，与同龄人相比，有语言发育迟缓史的儿童的单词学习似乎较慢。
