Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Delegación Coyoacán, CP 04510 México, D.F, Mexico.
School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, Merz Court, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019 Jun 15;174:435-444. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.052. Epub 2019 Mar 7.
Increases in wastewater discharges and the generation of municipal solid wastes have resulted in deleterious effects on the environment, causing eutrophication and pollution of water bodies. It is therefore necessary to investigate sustainable bioremediation alternatives. Wastewater treatment using consortia of microalgae-bacteria is an attractive alternative because it allows the removal and recycling of nutrients, with the additional advantage of biomass production and its subsequent conversion into valuable by-products. The present study aims to integrate wastewater and landfill leachate treatment with the production of microalgal biomass, considering not only its valorization in terms of lipid and carbohydrate content but also the effect of nutrient limitation on biomass formation. The effect of treating a mixture of raw wastewater with different leachate ratios (0%, 7%, 10% and 15%) was investigated using a microalgae-bacteria consortium. Two microalgae (Desmodesmus spp. and Scenedesmus obliquus) were used. Nutrient removal, biomass concentration, carbohydrate, lipid and Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAMEs) content and morphological changes were evaluated. Removals of 82% of NH and 43% of orthophosphate from a wastewater-leachate mixture (containing 167 mg/L NH and 23 mg/L PO) were achieved. The highest final yield was obtained using Desmodesmus spp. (1.95 ± 0.3 g/L). The microalgae were observed to accumulate high lipid (20%) and carbohydrate (41%) contents under nutrient limiting conditions. The concentration of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) also increased. Morphological changes including the disintegration of coenobia were observed. By using a mixture of wastewater-leachate it is possible to remove nutrients, since microalgae tolerate high ammonia concentrations, and simultaneously increase the algal biomass concentration containing precursors to allow biofuel production.
污水排放和城市固体废物产生的增加对环境造成了有害影响，导致水体富营养化和污染。因此，有必要研究可持续的生物修复替代方案。利用微藻-细菌共生体处理废水是一种有吸引力的替代方法，因为它允许去除和回收营养物质，并且具有额外的生物质生产及其随后转化为有价值的副产品的优势。本研究旨在整合废水和垃圾渗滤液处理与微藻生物质的生产，不仅考虑到其在脂质和碳水化合物含量方面的增值，还考虑到营养限制对生物质形成的影响。研究了使用微藻-细菌共生体处理不同渗滤液比例（0%、7%、10%和 15%）的混合废水的效果。使用两种微藻（束丝藻属和斜生栅藻）。评估了营养物质去除、生物质浓度、碳水化合物、脂质和脂肪酸甲酯（FAMEs）含量以及形态变化。从含有 167mg/L NH 和 23mg/L PO 的废水-渗滤液混合物中去除了 82%的 NH 和 43%的正磷酸盐。使用束丝藻属获得了最高的最终产量（1.95±0.3g/L）。在营养限制条件下，微藻积累了高脂质（20%）和碳水化合物（41%）含量。多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）的浓度也增加了。观察到形态变化包括共生体的解体。通过使用废水-渗滤液混合物，可以去除营养物质，因为微藻可以耐受高氨浓度，同时增加含有生物燃料生产前体的藻类生物质浓度。
