Ummalyma Sabeela Beevi, Sirohi Ranjna, Udayan Aswathy, Yadav Pooja, Raj Abhay, Sim Sang Jun, Pandey Ashok
DBT- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, An Autonomus Institute under Department of Biotechnology, Govt.of India, Takyelpat, Imphal, 795 001 India.
Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 136 713 Republic of Korea.
Phytochem Rev. 2022 Apr 13:1-23. doi: 10.1007/s11101-022-09814-3.
Microalgae are recognized as cell factories enriched with biochemicals suitable as feedstock for bio-energy, food, feed, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals applications. The industrial application of microalgae is challenging due to hurdles associated with mass cultivation and biomass recovery. The scale-up production of microalgal biomass in freshwater is not a sustainable solution due to the projected increase of freshwater demands in the coming years. Microalgae cultivation in wastewater is encouraged in recent years for sustainable bioeconomy from biorefinery processes. Wastewater from the food industry is a less-toxic growth medium for microalgal biomass production. Traditional wastewater treatment and management processes are expensive; hence it is highly relevant to use low-cost wastewater treatment processes with revenue generation through different products. Microalgae are accepted as potential biocatalysts for the bioremediation of wastewater. Microalgae based purification of wastewater technology could be a universal alternative solution for the recovery of resources from wastewater for low-cost biomass feedstock for industry. This review highlights the importance of microalgal biomass production in food processing wastewater, their characteristics, and different microalgal cultivation methods, followed by nutrient absorption mechanisms. Towards the end of the review, different microalgae biomass harvesting processes with biorefinery products, and void gaps that tend to hinder the biomass production with future perspectives will be intended. Thus, the review could claim to be valuable for sustainable microalgae biomass production for eco-friendly bioproduct conversions.
微藻被视为富含生物化学物质的细胞工厂，这些生物化学物质适合作为生物能源、食品、饲料、药品和营养保健品应用的原料。由于与大规模培养和生物质回收相关的障碍，微藻的工业应用具有挑战性。由于预计未来几年淡水需求的增加，在淡水中扩大微藻生物质的生产不是一个可持续的解决方案。近年来，为了实现生物精炼过程的可持续生物经济，人们鼓励在废水中培养微藻。食品工业废水是微藻生物质生产毒性较小的生长培养基。传统的废水处理和管理过程成本高昂；因此，使用低成本的废水处理过程并通过不同产品创收具有高度相关性。微藻被认为是废水生物修复的潜在生物催化剂。基于微藻的废水净化技术可能是从废水中回收资源以获得低成本工业生物质原料的通用替代解决方案。本综述强调了在食品加工废水中生产微藻生物质的重要性、它们的特性、不同的微藻培养方法，以及营养吸收机制。在综述结尾，将介绍不同的微藻生物质收获过程以及生物精炼产品，以及未来可能阻碍生物质生产的空白领域。因此，该综述对于可持续微藻生物质生产以实现生态友好型生物产品转化可能具有重要价值。
