缓冲双相障碍中的适应不良完美主义：自我同情的作用。
Buffering against maladaptive perfectionism in bipolar disorder: The role of self-compassion.
机构信息
Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia.
Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia.
出版信息
J Affect Disord. 2019 May 1;250:132-139. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.03.003. Epub 2019 Mar 4.
BACKGROUND
Maladaptive perfectionism is a transdiagnostic risk and maintaining factor for a range of mental health conditions, including bipolar disorder (BD). Self-compassion represents a potential protective factor against maladaptive perfectionism, however no studies to date have examined the relationship of these constructs in BD. The aim of the present study was to examine associations between maladaptive perfectionism, self-compassion and symptoms among individuals with BD.
METHODS
Baseline data were collected from 302 participants with a DSM-IV diagnosis of BD participating in an international randomised controlled trial. Participants completed measures of maladaptive perfectionism, self-compassion, symptom severity and emotion regulation difficulties. Clinician-administered measures of depression and mania severity were additionally collected. Correlation and mediation analyses were conducted.
RESULTS
Maladaptive perfectionism was positively associated with depression, anxiety and emotion regulation difficulties. Lower levels of self-compassion correlated with greater self-reported depression, anxiety and emotion regulation difficulties. Self-compassion partially mediated relationships between maladaptive perfectionism, depression, anxiety and emotion regulation difficulties.
LIMITATIONS
The cross-sectional design limits conclusions about causal relationships between study variables. Results may not be generalizable to other BD populations. The role of maladaptive perfectionism and self-compassion in elevated mood states of BD remains unclear.
CONCLUSION
Self-compassion represents one mechanism through which maladaptive perfectionism influences symptoms of depression, anxiety and emotion regulation difficulties in BD. Self-compassion represents a modifiable treatment target; individuals with BD exhibiting maladaptive perfectionistic tendencies may benefit from interventions fostering self-compassion.
背景
不适应完美主义是一种跨诊断风险和多种心理健康状况的维持因素，包括双相情感障碍（BD）。自我同情是一种潜在的保护因素，可以预防不适应的完美主义，但迄今为止，没有研究检查过这些结构在 BD 中的关系。本研究的目的是检查 BD 个体中不适应的完美主义、自我同情和症状之间的关系。
方法
从参加国际随机对照试验的 302 名符合 DSM-IV 诊断的 BD 患者中收集基线数据。参与者完成了不适应完美主义、自我同情、症状严重程度和情绪调节困难的测量。此外，还收集了由临床医生管理的抑郁和躁狂严重程度的测量。进行了相关性和中介分析。
结果
不适应的完美主义与抑郁、焦虑和情绪调节困难呈正相关。较低的自我同情水平与自我报告的抑郁、焦虑和情绪调节困难程度较高相关。自我同情部分中介了不适应完美主义、抑郁、焦虑和情绪调节困难之间的关系。
局限性
横断面设计限制了对研究变量之间因果关系的结论。结果可能不适用于其他 BD 人群。不适应完美主义和自我同情在 BD 升高的情绪状态中的作用仍不清楚。
结论
自我同情是不适应完美主义影响 BD 中抑郁、焦虑和情绪调节困难症状的一种机制。自我同情是一个可改变的治疗目标；表现出不适应完美主义倾向的 BD 个体可能会从培养自我同情的干预措施中受益。
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