Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, United States.
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, United States.
J Environ Manage. 2019 May 15;238:243-250. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.109. Epub 2019 Mar 7.
We report the synthesis of mesoporous TiO and mesoporous FeO-TiO catalysts by using a structure-directing-surfactant method, their characterization and their employment as photocatalysts for norfloxacin degradation in aqueous solution. The main findings show that in the presence of both O and HO, Fe-containing mesoporous titania (FeO-TiO), with iron percentages between 1 and 3 wt%, exhibited norfloxacin degradation rates more than 60% greater than otherwise identical mesoporous titania without iron. Furthermore, the activity of the mesoporous composite catalysts also exceeds that of titania when illuminated with 405 nm light-emitting diodes. Iron loading improved the photocatalytic activity for norfloxacin degradation with values of apparent reaction rate constants of 0.037 min and 0.076 min with 1 and 3 surface wt.% of iron, respectively. An optimum of activity was found with the 3 wt% FeO-TiO catalyst. Under these conditions, 10 mg/L of norfloxacin is reacted essentially to completion and 90% of total organic carbon conversion was obtained within 120 min of reaction. This higher organic carbon conversion degree was reached due to the photo-oxidation of short-chain organic acids. The high activity of the as-synthesized mesoporous composites is attributed to the additional iron phase which led to the different reactions for HO decomposition, but also due to the improvement in light absorbance. Finally, the activity of the most active catalyst was found to be stable over multiple sequential runs, which was related to a negligible amount of iron leaching (<0.1%) from these materials.
我们通过使用结构导向表面活性剂法合成了介孔 TiO 和介孔 FeO-TiO 催化剂，对其进行了表征，并将其用作水溶液中诺氟沙星降解的光催化剂。主要发现表明，在存在 O 和 HO 的情况下，含铁量在 1 至 3 wt%之间的含 Fe 介孔二氧化钛（FeO-TiO）的诺氟沙星降解率比不含铁的相同介孔二氧化钛高 60%以上。此外，当用 405nm 发光二极管照射时，介孔复合催化剂的活性也超过了 TiO。铁负载量提高了诺氟沙星降解的光催化活性，其表观反应速率常数分别为 0.037 min 和 0.076 min，铁的表面负载量分别为 1 和 3 wt%。在 3 wt%FeO-TiO 催化剂的条件下，10mg/L 的诺氟沙星基本反应完全，在 120min 的反应时间内获得了 90%的总有机碳转化率。由于短链有机酸的光氧化作用，实现了更高的有机碳转化率。合成的介孔复合材料具有高活性，这归因于额外的铁相，导致 HO 分解的不同反应，但也归因于光吸收的改善。最后，发现最活跃的催化剂的活性在多次连续运行中是稳定的，这与这些材料中铁的浸出量（<0.1%）可忽略不计有关。
