Division of Nutrition, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Vitality-Centre for good older lives, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Eur J Nutr. 2020 Mar;59(2):741-753. doi: 10.1007/s00394-019-01941-6. Epub 2019 Mar 9.
Low vitamin D status is prevalent worldwide. We aim to investigate the effect of vitamin D fortification on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration in women of Danish and Pakistani origin at risk of vitamin D deficiency.
A 12-week randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled intervention trial during winter time, designed to provide 20 µg vitamin D/day through fortified yoghurt, cheese, eggs and crisp bread, and assess the change in serum 25(OH)D. Participants were 143 women of Danish and Pakistani origin, living in Denmark, randomized into four groups, stratified by ethnicity.
Mean (SD) baseline 25(OH)D concentrations among women of Danish and Pakistani origin were 49.6 (18) and 46.9 (22) nmol/L, respectively (P = 0.4). While 9% of Danish women had 25(OH)D < 30 nmol/L, the prevalence among women of Pakistani origin was 24%. Median (IQR) vitamin D intake among Danish and Pakistani women at endpoint was 32.0 (27.0, 34.4) µg/day and 24.2 (19.2, 30.8) µg/day, respectively. Endpoint serum 25(OH)D increased in fortified groups to 77.8 (14) nmol/L among Danish women and 54.7 (18) nmol/L among women of Pakistani origin (P < 0.01). At endpoint, 0% in the Danish-fortified group and 3% in the Pakistani-fortified group had 25(OH)D < 30 nmol/L, compared with 23 % and 34% in their respective control groups.
Vitamin D fortification of four different foods for 12 weeks during winter was effective in increasing serum 25(OH)D and reducing the prevalence of very low vitamin D status among women of Danish and Pakistani origin. CLINICALTRIALS.
NCT02631629.
维生素 D 缺乏在全球范围内普遍存在。本研究旨在调查维生素 D 强化对丹麦和巴基斯坦裔、有维生素 D 缺乏风险的女性血清 25-羟维生素 D（25(OH)D）浓度的影响。
这是一项在冬季进行的为期 12 周的随机、双盲、安慰剂对照干预试验，通过强化酸奶、奶酪、鸡蛋和脆饼提供 20μg 维生素 D/天，并评估血清 25(OH)D 的变化。参与者为居住在丹麦的 143 名丹麦和巴基斯坦裔女性，按种族分层分为四组。
丹麦和巴基斯坦裔女性的平均（标准差）基线 25(OH)D 浓度分别为 49.6（18）和 46.9（22）nmol/L（P=0.4）。9%的丹麦女性 25(OH)D<30nmol/L，而巴基斯坦裔女性的患病率为 24%。丹麦和巴基斯坦裔女性在终点时的维生素 D 摄入量中位数（IQR）分别为 32.0（27.0，34.4）μg/天和 24.2（19.2，30.8）μg/天。强化组的终点血清 25(OH)D 增加，丹麦女性为 77.8（14）nmol/L，巴基斯坦裔女性为 54.7（18）nmol/L（P<0.01）。在终点时，丹麦强化组的 0%和巴基斯坦强化组的 3%的女性 25(OH)D<30nmol/L，而各自对照组的比例为 23%和 34%。
在冬季的 12 周内，通过强化四种不同的食物补充维生素 D，可有效增加血清 25(OH)D，并降低丹麦和巴基斯坦裔女性极低维生素 D 状态的患病率。临床试验注册号：NCT02631629。
