Fiore Vincenzo, De Rosa Antonia, Falasca Paolo, Marci Massimo, Guastamacchia Edoardo, Licchelli Brunella, Giagulli Vito Angelo, De Pergola Giovanni, Poggi Antonella, Triggiani Vincenzo
Unit of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics-Unit of Diabetology, "S. Giovanni Evangelista" Hospital, Via Parrozzani 3, 00019, Tivoli (RM), Italy.
Unit of Diabetology, "S. Giovanni Evangelista" Hospital, Via Parrozzani 3, 00019, Tivoli (RM), Italy.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2019;19(5):571-579. doi: 10.2174/1871530319666190311141855.
In the last decades, both diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease are constantly increasing. Affected individuals, therefore, represent an enormous problem for the society, governments and global organizations. These diseases are usually considered as independent conditions, but increasing evidence shows that there are links between these two disorders.
In this review, we analyzed common features present in Alzheimer's disease and diabetes mellitus, showing how these two diseases are strictly correlated to each other.
Some pathogenetic factors are shared by Type 2 Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease: chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, adiponectin deficiency, different expression of plasma cholinesterase activity and vascular damage could represent a possible explanation for the coexistence of these two conditions in many patients.
A better understanding of this issue and an appropriate management of diabetes by means of physical activity, low fat diet, and drugs to achieve a good glycemic control, avoiding both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, can represent a way to prevent cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease.
在过去几十年中，糖尿病和阿尔茨海默病的发病率都在持续上升。因此，患病个体给社会、政府和全球组织带来了巨大问题。这些疾病通常被视为独立的病症，但越来越多的证据表明这两种疾病之间存在联系。
在本综述中，我们分析了阿尔茨海默病和糖尿病中存在的共同特征，展示了这两种疾病是如何紧密相关的。
2型糖尿病和阿尔茨海默病存在一些共同的致病因素：慢性炎症、氧化应激、线粒体功能障碍、脂联素缺乏、血浆胆碱酯酶活性的不同表达以及血管损伤，这些可能解释了这两种病症在许多患者中共存的原因。
更好地理解这一问题，并通过体育活动、低脂饮食以及药物来适当管理糖尿病，以实现良好的血糖控制，避免高血糖和低血糖，可能是预防认知能力下降和阿尔茨海默病的一种方法。
