Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
University Paris Descartes, ComUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; INSERM UMR S-1124, Paris, France; University Paris Diderot, ComUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Clin Nutr. 2020 Jan;39(1):265-275. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.02.003. Epub 2019 Feb 14.
Individuals respond differently to dietary intake leading to different associations between diet and traits. Most studies have investigated large cohorts without subgrouping them.
The purpose was to identify non-uniform associations between diets and anthropometric traits that appeared to be in conflict with one another across subgroups.
We used a cohort comprising 43,790 women and men, the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health study, which includes a baseline examination at age 50-64 years and a follow-up about 5 years later. The baseline examination involved anthropometrics, body fat percentage, a food frequency questionnaire and information on lifestyle. From the questionnaire data we computed association rules between the intake of food groups and changes in waist circumference and body weight. Using association rule mining on subgroups and gender-specific cohorts, we identified non-uniform associations. The two gender-specific cohorts were stratified into subgroups using a non-linear, self-organizing map based method.
We found 22 and 7 cases of conflicting rules in 8 participant subgroups for different anthropometric traits in women and men, respectively. For example, in a subgroup of women moderate waist loss was associated with a dietary pattern characterized by low intake in both cabbages and wine, in conflict with the association trends of both dietary factors in the female cohort. The finding of more conflicting rules in women suggests that inter-individual differences in response to dietary intake are stronger in women than in men.
This combined stratification and association discovery approach revealed epidemiological relationships between dietary factors and changes in anthropometric traits in subgroups that take food group interactions into account. Conflicting rules adds an additional layer of complexity that should be integrated into the study of these relationships, for example in relation to genotypes.
个体对饮食摄入的反应不同，导致饮食与特征之间的关联也不同。大多数研究都调查了没有细分亚组的大队列。
目的是确定饮食和人体测量特征之间的非均匀关联，这些关联似乎在亚组之间存在相互冲突。
我们使用了一个由 43790 名女性和男性组成的队列，即丹麦饮食、癌症和健康研究，该研究包括 50-64 岁时的基线检查和大约 5 年后的随访。基线检查包括人体测量、体脂百分比、食物频率问卷以及生活方式信息。从问卷数据中，我们计算了食物组摄入量与腰围和体重变化之间的关联规则。使用关联规则挖掘对亚组和性别特定队列进行分析，我们确定了非均匀关联。这两个性别特定队列使用基于非线性自组织映射的方法分为亚组。
我们在女性和男性的 8 个参与者亚组中分别发现了 22 个和 7 个与不同人体测量特征相冲突的规则。例如，在女性的一个亚组中，中等腰围减少与饮食模式相关，该模式的特点是白菜和酒的摄入量都低，与女性队列中这两个饮食因素的关联趋势相冲突。在女性中发现更多冲突规则表明，个体对饮食摄入的反应差异在女性中比男性更强。
这种综合分层和关联发现方法揭示了亚组中饮食因素与人体测量特征变化之间的流行病学关系，同时考虑了食物组之间的相互作用。冲突规则增加了一个额外的复杂性层次，应该整合到这些关系的研究中，例如与基因型有关。
