Gan Hong, Song Zhenhua, Xu Peiwei, Su Hang, Pan Yingying, Zhao Min, Liu Dengtang
First-episode Schizophrenia and Early Psychosis Program, Division of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Shanghai Arch Psychiatry. 2018 Jun 25;30(3):168-177. doi: 10.11919/j.issn.1002-0829.217166.
Both patients with methamphetamine-associated psychosis (MAP) and patients with schizophrenia suffer from obvious cognitive deficits in working memory, and this affects the functional prognosis of patients.
This study is to investigate the difference of working memory deficits between patients with MAP and patients with schizophrenia, especially the difference of central executive system function, and the relevance of working memory deficits and clinical characteristics.
Twenty-eight male patients with MAP and twenty-eight patients with schizophrenia were recruited. The working memory of subjects was evaluated with the n-back task edited and adapted from English language materials. The positive syndrome scale of PANSS and CGI were employed to assess psychotic symptoms and the severity of patients.
According to the results of repeated measure variance analysis, it was found that both the between-group variable (group) and within-group variable (n) had significant main effects, and the interaction between the between-group variable and the within-group variable was also significant. After Z-transformation, mean (sd) working memory scores of patients with MAP and schizophrenia were 0.91 (0.77) and -0.91 (2.11) respectively, and the difference between these two groups were statistically significant (=19.253, <0.001). The relevance between working memory deficits and clinical characteristics was low in both the patients with MAP and patients with schizophrenia.
Patients with MAP were better at regulating, updating, executing and controlling active information than patients with schizophrenia.
甲基苯丙胺所致精神病（MAP）患者和精神分裂症患者在工作记忆方面均存在明显的认知缺陷，这影响患者的功能预后。
本研究旨在探讨MAP患者与精神分裂症患者工作记忆缺陷的差异，尤其是中央执行系统功能的差异，以及工作记忆缺陷与临床特征的相关性。
招募28例男性MAP患者和28例精神分裂症患者。采用根据英文材料编辑改编的n-back任务评估受试者的工作记忆。采用阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）及临床总体印象量表（CGI）评估精神病性症状及患者的严重程度。
重复测量方差分析结果显示，组间变量（组别）和组内变量（n）均有显著的主效应，组间变量与组内变量的交互作用也显著。经Z转换后，MAP患者和精神分裂症患者的工作记忆得分均值（标准差）分别为0.91（0.77）和 -0.91（2.11），两组间差异有统计学意义（=19.253，<0.001）。MAP患者和精神分裂症患者的工作记忆缺陷与临床特征的相关性均较低。
与精神分裂症患者相比，MAP患者在调节、更新、执行和控制活跃信息方面表现更好。
