Raul F, Lacroix B, Aprahamian M
Early Hum Dev. 1986 Apr;13(2):225-34. doi: 10.1016/0378-3782(86)90010-1.
The morphological maturation and the distribution of brush border hydrolase activities were studied in the small intestine and the colon in newborn babies of 28-38 weeks gestational age. Lactase and sucrase activities were higher at term with maximal activity in the proximal intestine. In contrast, aminopeptidase and glucoamylase exhibited maximum activity in the distal part of the small bowel. Glucoamylase activity was already significant in the small intestine and in the colon of the preterm newborn. Sucrase activity present in the proximal colon of the preterm dropped to a negligible amount at term, whereas aminopeptidase activity increased, reaching values found in the small intestine. The enzymic changes occurring in the intestinal tract were related to the morphological maturation of the mucosa from fetal to adult type during late gestation. Accelerated morphological and functional maturation was observed in one preterm infant nourished intravenously for 12 days, these processes being independent of the presence of nutrients in the intestine. At term, the distal part of the intestine seems to have increased digestive capacities for peptides and polysaccharides. We present evidence that full-term, and to a lesser extent preterm infants are able to hydrolyse glucose polymers.
对28 - 38周胎龄新生儿的小肠和结肠进行了形态学成熟度及刷状缘水解酶活性分布的研究。乳糖酶和蔗糖酶活性在足月时较高，且在近端小肠活性最高。相比之下，氨肽酶和葡糖淀粉酶在小肠远端活性最高。葡糖淀粉酶活性在早产新生儿的小肠和结肠中就已显著。早产新生儿近端结肠中的蔗糖酶活性在足月时降至可忽略不计的水平，而氨肽酶活性增加，达到小肠中的水平。肠道中发生的酶变化与妊娠后期黏膜从胎儿型到成人型的形态学成熟有关。在一名接受12天静脉营养的早产婴儿中观察到形态和功能的加速成熟，这些过程与肠道中营养物质的存在无关。足月时，肠道远端对肽和多糖的消化能力似乎有所增强。我们提供的证据表明，足月儿以及程度稍轻的早产儿能够水解葡萄糖聚合物。
