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运用模糊多准则决策方法评估伊朗农民的职业压力源

Occupational Stressors among Farmers in Iran Using Fuzzy Multiple Criteria Decision-Making Methods.

作者信息

Jahangiri Mehdi, Molaeifar Hossein, Rajabi Fazel, Banaee Sean

机构信息

Research Center for Health Science, Institute of Health, Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Student Research Committee, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

出版信息

J Agromedicine. 2020 Jan;25(1):28-37. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2019.1592048. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Abstract

: Rural communities, especially farmers, are exposed to numerous concerns and stressors due to their type of occupation. The present study aimed at evaluating and prioritizing occupational stressors that cause dissatisfaction among farmers using Fuzzy Delphi Method and Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process.: This qualitative applied research was conducted in two phases. First, the most important occupational stressors among farmers were extracted and screened by Fuzzy Delphi technique. In the second phase, Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) was used to weigh and rank the stressors. Finally, data were analyzed using Chang's Extent Analysis method and Excel software.: Dimensions of stressors in farmers are ranked as; economic (w = 0.298), environmental and climate (w = 0.276), social and job-related (w = 0.224) and spatial (w = 0.202), respectively. Among stressor sub-dimensions, reduced groundwater levels (0.0617), low price of agricultural products in rural areas (0.0575), inappropriate access roads to farms (0.0545), no insurance for agricultural products (0.1521), and difficult sales of agricultural products in rural areas (0.488) were the most significant occupational stressors among farmers.: Among occupational stressors, economic and environmental factors have the greatest impact on perceived occupational stress by farmers. Control strategies including providing farmers with financial support and purchasing agricultural products by government, restoring and reforming water and soil resources as well as personal coping strategies could greatly reduce occupational stress among farmers.

摘要

农村社区,尤其是农民,因其职业类型面临着诸多问题和压力源。本研究旨在运用模糊德尔菲法和模糊层次分析法对导致农民不满的职业压力源进行评估和排序。

这项定性应用研究分两个阶段进行。首先,通过模糊德尔菲技术提取并筛选出农民中最重要的职业压力源。在第二阶段,运用模糊层次分析法对压力源进行加权和排序。最后,使用 Chang 的模糊综合评价法和 Excel 软件对数据进行分析。

农民压力源的维度排序依次为

经济(权重 w = 0.298)、环境与气候(w = 0.276)、社会与工作相关(w = 0.224)以及空间(w = 0.202)。在压力源子维度中,地下水位下降(0.0617)、农村地区农产品价格低廉(0.0575)、通往农场的道路不便(0.0545)、农产品无保险(0.1521)以及农村地区农产品销售困难(0.488)是农民中最显著的职业压力源。

在职业压力源中,经济和环境因素对农民感知到的职业压力影响最大。包括为农民提供财政支持以及政府收购农产品、恢复和改良水土资源等控制策略以及个人应对策略能够极大地减轻农民的职业压力。

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