McVey D V, Long D L, Roberts J J
Research Plant Pathologist.
Plant Pathologist, Cereal Rust Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108.
Plant Dis. 1997 Mar;81(3):306-310. doi: 10.1094/PDIS.1997.81.3.306.
Wheat stem rust overwintered in southern Louisiana, southern Texas, southwestern Georgia, northeastern Arkansas, and southwestern South Carolina in the winter of 1994-95. Wheat stem rust caused negligible yield losses in wheat in the United States. Races Pgt-TPMK and QCCJ made up 39 and 31% of all isolates, respectively. Race TPMK comprised 67% of isolates from farm fields. Race Pgt-QCCJ was most common from barley, making up 93% from 47 collections. Six collections from Hordeum jubatum yielded six isolates each of races QCCJ and QFCS, and one isolate of race TPMK. No virulence was found to wheat lines with genes Sr6, 9b, 13, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 37, Gt, or Wdl-1. Oat stem rust overwintered in plots at Beeville and Temple, Texas, in a field near San Antonio, and in southern Louisiana. Yield losses due to oat stem rust in 1995 were negligible. Race NA-27, virulent to Pg-1, -2, -3, -4, and -8, was again the predominant race in the United States, comprising 82% of the 225 isolates from 80 collections. NA-5 and NA-16 were the two other races identified from the United States, comprising 11 and 19% of the isolates. Only race NA-29 was found in four collections from Mexico.
1994 - 1995年冬季，小麦秆锈病在路易斯安那州南部、得克萨斯州南部、佐治亚州西南部、阿肯色州东北部和南卡罗来纳州西南部越冬。在美国，小麦秆锈病造成的产量损失可忽略不计。小种Pgt - TPMK和QCCJ分别占所有分离菌的39%和31%。小种TPMK占农田分离菌的67%。小种Pgt - QCCJ在大麦中最为常见，在47个采集样本中占93%。来自野大麦的6个采集样本各产生了6株小种QCCJ和QFCS的分离菌，以及1株小种TPMK的分离菌。未发现对携带Sr6、9b、13、22、24、25、26、27、29、30、31、32、33、37、Gt或Wdl - 1基因的小麦品系具有毒性的菌株。燕麦秆锈病在得克萨斯州比维尔和坦普尔的试验田、圣安东尼奥附近的一块田地以及路易斯安那州南部越冬。1995年，燕麦秆锈病造成的产量损失可忽略不计。对Pg - 1、-2、-3、-4和-8具有毒性的小种NA - 27再次成为美国的优势小种，在来自80个采集样本的225株分离菌中占82%。NA - 5和NA - 16是从美国鉴定出的另外两个小种，分别占分离菌的11%和19%。仅在来自墨西哥的4个采集样本中发现了小种NA - 29。
