Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Department of Neurosurgery, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2019 Oct;39(10):1936-1948. doi: 10.1177/0271678X19836117. Epub 2019 Mar 12.
Hydrocephalus has been reported to occur in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs). The purposes of this study were (1) to use T2 magnetic resonance imaging to examine time of onset, (2) to elucidate potential underlying mechanisms and (3) to determine whether minocycline could prevent hydrocephalus development. Ventriculomegaly was evaluated by T2 imaging in SHRs and Wistar-Kyoto rats from weeks 4 to 7 after birth. Brain histology and transmission electron microscopy were used to assess the periventricular and choroid plexus damage. SHRs were also treated with either vehicle or minocycline. We found that hydrocephalus was observed in SHRs but not in Wistar-Kyoto rats. It occurred at seven weeks of age but was not present at four and five weeks. The hydrocephalus was associated with epiplexus cell (macrophage) activation, choroid plexus cell death and damage to the ventricle wall. Treatment with minocycline from week 5 attenuated hydrocephalus development and pathological changes in choroid plexus and ventricular wall at week 7. The current study found that spontaneous hydrocephalus arises at ∼7 weeks in male SHRs. The early development of hydrocephalus (persistent ventricular dilatation) may result from epiplexus cell activation, choroid plexus cell death and periventricular damage, which can be ameliorated by treatment with minocycline.
自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）中曾报道有水脑症发生。本研究的目的是：(1) 使用 T2 磁共振成像检查发病时间；(2) 阐明潜在的发病机制；(3) 确定米诺环素是否能预防水脑症的发展。在 SHR 和 Wistar-Kyoto 大鼠出生后 4 周到 7 周期间，通过 T2 成像评估脑室扩大。使用脑组织学和透射电子显微镜评估室周和脉络丛损伤。还对 SHR 进行了载体或米诺环素治疗。结果发现，水脑症仅在 SHR 中观察到，而在 Wistar-Kyoto 大鼠中未观察到。它发生在 7 周龄，但在 4 周和 5 周龄时不存在。水脑症与软膜细胞（巨噬细胞）激活、脉络丛细胞死亡和脑室壁损伤有关。从第 5 周开始用米诺环素治疗可减轻第 7 周时的水脑症发展和脉络丛及脑室壁的病理变化。本研究发现，雄性 SHR 在约 7 周时出现自发性水脑症。水脑症的早期发展（持续性脑室扩张）可能是由于软膜细胞激活、脉络丛细胞死亡和室周损伤引起的，米诺环素治疗可改善这种情况。
