College of Economics & Management, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
International Business School, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, Guangzhou, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Apr;27(12):12874-12881. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-04787-x. Epub 2019 Mar 13.
Based on the premise of sustainable development of the environment, how to achieve the balance of energy utilization, economic development, and sustainable management of the environment is becoming increasingly important in the process of stable economic development. This paper analyzes the concept of environmental Kuznets curve, taking 35 European countries as the research objects, first discusses the trend of energy utilization efficiency from 1990 to 2013, and then analyzes the relationship between energy efficiency and economic development. Empirical results show that labor has a significant negative impact on energy efficiency and the increase in labor input will reduce energy efficiency. If the added value of national manufacturing accounts for a higher percentage in GDP, it will have a negative impact on the effectiveness of energy utilization. In addition, when the national price level is high, price fluctuation will increase the price of energy utilization, or the cost of energy input in economic activities, which will further reduce the country's energy efficiency performance. Lastly, the empirical study also found that energy efficiency and economic development showed a quadratic U-shaped relationship, indicating that the long-term energy efficiency of the country will first decline and then rise during economic activities.
在环境可持续发展的前提下，如何实现能源利用、经济发展和环境可持续管理的平衡，在稳定经济发展的过程中变得越来越重要。本文基于环境库兹涅茨曲线的概念，以 35 个欧洲国家为研究对象，首先探讨了 1990 年至 2013 年能源利用效率的趋势，然后分析了能源效率与经济发展之间的关系。实证结果表明，劳动力对能源效率有显著的负向影响，劳动力投入的增加会降低能源效率。如果国家制造业附加值在 GDP 中占比较高，将对能源利用的有效性产生负面影响。此外，当国家价格水平较高时，价格波动会增加能源利用的价格，或者经济活动中能源投入的成本，这将进一步降低国家的能源效率表现。最后，实证研究还发现，能源效率与经济发展之间呈二次 U 型关系，这表明在经济活动中，国家的长期能源效率将先下降后上升。
