睾丸细胞死亡的差异决策:圆形精子细胞中铁死亡的特有窗口期的证据。
Differential cell death decisions in the testis: evidence for an exclusive window of ferroptosis in round spermatids.
机构信息
Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
School of Biological Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
出版信息
Mol Hum Reprod. 2019 May 1;25(5):241-256. doi: 10.1093/molehr/gaz015.
Oxidative stress is a major aetiology in many pathologies, including that of male infertility. Recent evidence in somatic cells has linked oxidative stress to the induction of a novel cell death modality termed ferroptosis. However, the induction of this iron-regulated, caspase-independent cell death pathway has never been explored outside of the soma. Ferroptosis is initiated through the inactivation of the lipid repair enzyme glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and is exacerbated by the activity of arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15), a lipoxygenase enzyme that facilitates lipid degradation. Here, we demonstrate that male germ cells of the mouse exhibit hallmarks of ferroptosis including; a caspase-independent decline in viability following exposure to oxidative stress conditions induced by the electrophile 4-hydroxynonenal or the ferroptosis activators (erastin and RSL3), as well as a reciprocal upregulation of ALOX15 and down regulation of GPX4 protein expression. Moreover, the round spermatid developmental stage may be sensitized to ferroptosis via the action of acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4), which modifies membrane lipid composition in a manner favourable to lipid peroxidation. This work provides a clear impetus to explore the contribution of ferroptosis to the demise of germline cells during periods of acute stress in in vivo models.
氧化应激是许多病理学的主要病因,包括男性不育症。最近在体细胞中的证据表明,氧化应激与一种新型细胞死亡方式的诱导有关,这种方式称为铁死亡。然而,这种铁调节的、半胱天冬酶非依赖性细胞死亡途径的诱导从未在体细胞之外的细胞中被探索过。铁死亡是通过脂质修复酶谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 4 (GPX4) 的失活引发的,并被花生四烯酸 15-脂氧合酶 (ALOX15) 的活性加剧,ALOX15 是一种促进脂质降解的脂氧合酶。在这里,我们证明了小鼠的雄性生殖细胞表现出铁死亡的特征,包括:在暴露于由亲电子 4-羟基壬烯醛或铁死亡激活剂(erastin 和 RSL3)诱导的氧化应激条件下,半胱天冬酶非依赖性活力下降,以及 ALOX15 的反向上调和 GPX4 蛋白表达的下调。此外,圆形精子细胞发育阶段可能通过酰基辅酶 A 合成酶长链家族成员 4 (ACSL4) 的作用对铁死亡敏感,ACSL4 以有利于脂质过氧化的方式修饰膜脂质组成。这项工作为探索铁死亡在体内模型中急性应激期间生殖细胞死亡的贡献提供了明确的动力。