Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
Nat Commun. 2019 Mar 13;10(1):1190. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-09135-8.
Understanding the Vitis species at the genomic level is important for cultivar improvement of grapevine. Here we report whole-genome genetic variation at single-base resolution of 472 Vitis accessions, which cover 48 out of 60 extant Vitis species from a wide geographic distribution. The variation helps to identify a recent dramatic expansion and contraction of effective population size in the domesticated grapevines and that cultivars from the pan-Black Sea region have a unique demographic history in comparison to the other domesticated cultivars. We also find selective sweeps for berry edibility and stress resistance improvement. Furthermore, we find associations between candidate genes and important agronomic traits, such as berry shape and aromatic compounds. These results demonstrate resource value of the resequencing data for illuminating the evolutionary biology of Vitis species and providing targets for grapevine genetic improvement.
在基因组水平上了解葡萄属物种对于葡萄品种改良非常重要。在这里，我们报告了 472 个葡萄属样本的全基因组遗传变异，这些样本涵盖了 60 个现存葡萄属物种中的 48 个，分布范围广泛。这些变异有助于鉴定出驯化葡萄中有效种群大小的近期剧烈扩张和收缩，并且与其他驯化品种相比，来自黑海地区的品种具有独特的人口历史。我们还发现了对浆果可食性和抗逆性改良的选择清除。此外，我们还发现了候选基因与重要农艺性状（如浆果形状和芳香化合物）之间的关联。这些结果表明，重测序数据对于阐明葡萄属物种的进化生物学以及为葡萄遗传改良提供目标具有重要的资源价值。
