Rosales A M, Mew T W
Division of Entomology and Plant Pathology, International Rice Research Institute, P.O. Box 933, Manila 1099, Philippines.
Plant Dis. 1997 Jan;81(1):49-52. doi: 10.1094/PDIS.1997.81.1.49.
The potential of antagonistic bacteria from paddy water, rhizosphere soils, sclerotia, and rice plants to control "bakanae" caused by Fusarium moniliforme was assessed. Experiments were conducted to determine the in vitro antibiosis and effect of bacteria on seed germination. Out of 441 isolates, 113 were inhibitory to mycelial growth of the pathogen. Bacterial strains were classified into three groups based on effect on seed germination: (i) those that promoted germination and enhanced seedling vigor; (ii) those that had no effect on germination; and (iii) those that were deleterious and inhibited germination. Bacterization of naturally infected seeds reduced bakanae incidence in seedbox and seedbed tests. In a seedbed experiment with IR 58 seeds soaked in suspensions of bacterial strains, bakanae incidence and disease control ranged from 0.9 to 6.8% and 71.7 to 96.3%, respectively. From the 3 years of field trials, 10 strains reduced bakanae. Five strains consistently reduced bakanae, but the other five exhibited variable effects among trials. Specificity of suppression by antagonistic bacteria against different pathogenic isolates of F. moniliforme from various locations in the Philippines was observed.
评估了来自稻田水、根际土壤、菌核和水稻植株的拮抗细菌对由串珠镰刀菌引起的“恶苗病”的防治潜力。进行了实验以确定细菌的体外抗菌作用及其对种子萌发的影响。在441个分离株中，有113个对病原菌的菌丝生长具有抑制作用。根据对种子萌发的影响，将细菌菌株分为三组：（i）促进萌发并增强幼苗活力的菌株；（ii）对萌发无影响的菌株；（iii）有害并抑制萌发的菌株。对自然感染种子进行细菌处理可降低育苗箱和苗床试验中的恶苗病发病率。在一项用IR 58种子浸泡在细菌菌株悬浮液中的苗床试验中，恶苗病发病率和病害防治率分别为0.9%至6.8%和71.7%至96.3%。在3年的田间试验中，有10个菌株可降低恶苗病发病率。有5个菌株始终能降低恶苗病发病率，但另外5个菌株在不同试验中表现出不同的效果。观察到拮抗细菌对来自菲律宾不同地点的串珠镰刀菌不同致病分离株的抑制特异性。
