Garcini Luz M, Chen Michelle A, Brown Ryan L, Galvan Thania, Saucedo Levi, Cardoso Jodi A Berger, Fagundes Christopher P
Rice University, Department of Psychology.
University of Denver, Department of Psychology.
Psychol Violence. 2018 Nov;8(6):692-701. doi: 10.1037/vio0000205. Epub 2018 Aug 6.
This study aimed to assess for the prevalence of interpersonal discrimination among undocumented Mexican immigrants residing in high-risk neighborhoods near the CaliforniaMexico border, identify relevant vulnerabilities, and determine its association with clinically significant psychological distress after controlling for socio-demographics, immigration characteristics, and history of trauma.
Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS) was used in this cross-sectional study to collect and analyze data from clinical interviews with 246 undocumented Mexican immigrants. The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-53) was used as the primary outcome measure to assess for clinically significant psychological distress. For all analyses, inferential statistics accounted for design effects and sample weights to produce weighted estimates. Logistic regression was used in the multivariate analyses.
69% of participants reported interpersonal discrimination due to being undocumented with significant differences observed across sex, educational attainment, and income. Among participants with a history of interpersonal discrimination due to their undocumented status, 52% met criteria for clinically significant psychological distress with significant differences observed across age groups, years living in the U.S. and history of trauma. After controlling for relevant covariates, having experienced interpersonal discrimination due to being undocumented was the strongest significant predictor of clinically significant psychological distress, OR = 5.47, 95% CI [2.56, 11.7], < .001, even beyond history of trauma.
Overall, our findings emphasize the need for policies, advocacy, and the development and provision of contextually-sensitive interventions to address the high prevalence of interpersonal discrimination and its negative health effects among undocumented Mexican immigrants.
本研究旨在评估居住在加利福尼亚 - 墨西哥边境附近高风险社区的无证墨西哥移民中人际歧视的患病率，确定相关脆弱性，并在控制社会人口统计学、移民特征和创伤史后，确定其与具有临床意义的心理困扰之间的关联。
本横断面研究采用应答者驱动抽样（RDS）方法，收集并分析了246名无证墨西哥移民的临床访谈数据。使用简明症状量表（BSI - 53）作为主要结局指标，以评估具有临床意义的心理困扰。在所有分析中，推断统计考虑了设计效应和样本权重以产生加权估计值。多变量分析采用逻辑回归。
69%的参与者报告因无证身份而遭受人际歧视，在性别、教育程度和收入方面存在显著差异。在因无证身份而有过人际歧视史的参与者中，52%符合具有临床意义的心理困扰标准，在年龄组、在美国居住年限和创伤史方面存在显著差异。在控制相关协变量后，因无证身份而经历人际歧视是具有临床意义的心理困扰的最强显著预测因素，OR = 5.47，95%CI [2.56, 11.7]，P <.001，甚至超过创伤史。
总体而言，我们的研究结果强调需要制定政策、进行宣传，并开发和提供因地制宜的干预措施，以解决无证墨西哥移民中人际歧视的高患病率及其对健康的负面影响。
